Building a Scientific Foundation for Security: Multilayer Network Model Insights for System Security Engineering

Adam D. Williams, Susan A. Caskey
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Abstract

To help incorporate security into INCOSE's Systems Engineering Vision 2035, the INCOSE systems security engineering working group endorses a paradigmatic shift to reframe systems security as trustworthy, loss-driven, and capabilities-based. Similar research out of Sandia National Laboratories has explored cutting-edge approaches to systems security for national security applications. Together, these efforts highlight the need for—-and a path toward—-a scientific foundation for security. Leveraging underlying tenets of systems theory, observed security heuristics, and the concepts emerging from INCOSE's SSE working helps triangulate a set of “first principles” as part of a scientific foundation for security as an emergent systems property that incorporates traditional physical security designs, cyber security architectures, and personnel security programs—-as well as the (often ignored) interactions between them. These first principles, in turn, are the basis for a set of derived systems security performance axioms that support current INCOSE SSE working efforts. We have demonstrated this approach's logic and designability with a multilayer network model-based approach for systems security. The structure of this scientific foundation for security offers additional, innovative opportunities to achieve desired levels of trustworthiness, creative mechanisms to meet needs, innovative loss-driven approaches, and enhanced capabilities—-all aimed at producing more efficient and effective systems security solutions against current and emerging threats, uncertainties, and complexities.

为安全奠定科学基础:多层网络模型对系统安全工程的启示
为了帮助将安全性纳入 INCOSE 的 "2035 年系统工程愿景",INCOSE 系统安全工程工作组赞同进行范式转变,将系统安全重新定义为可信、损失驱动和基于能力的安全。桑迪亚国家实验室(Sandia National Laboratories)也开展了类似的研究,探索国家安全应用系统安全的前沿方法。这些努力共同凸显了为安全奠定科学基础的必要性和途径。利用系统理论的基本原理、观察到的安全启发式方法,以及 INCOSE 的 SSE 工作中产生的概念,有助于将一套 "首要原则 "作为安全科学基础的一部分,将其作为一种新兴的系统属性,其中包含传统的物理安全设计、网络安全架构和人员安全计划,以及它们之间(通常被忽视的)的相互作用。这些首要原则反过来又是一系列衍生系统安全性能公理的基础,这些公理为当前 INCOSE SSE 的工作提供了支持。我们已通过基于多层网络模型的系统安全方法证明了这种方法的逻辑性和可设计性。这种安全科学基础的结构提供了更多的创新机会,以实现理想的可信度水平、满足需求的创新机制、创新的损失驱动方法和增强的能力--所有这些都旨在针对当前和新出现的威胁、不确定性和复杂性提供更高效、更有效的系统安全解决方案。
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