Effective sonophotocatalytic degradation of tetracycline in water: Optimization, kinetic modeling, and degradation pathways

IF 3.8 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
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Abstract

Hybrid advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are gaining interest in degradation of variety of recalcitrant compounds for water and wastewater treatment, due to possible synergistic effects. The present study systematically evaluated the degradation of tetracycline (TC) with a sonophotocatalytic process combining acoustic cavitation (sonocavitation) and photocatalysis based on N-doped TiO2 catalyst. The TC degradation rate constant was 2.4 × 10−2 min−1, i.e., much higher than individual sonocatalytic (0.5 × 10−2 min−1) and photocatalysis (0.6 × 10−2 min−1) processes at the optimized conditions. The synergy index was 2.14, which reveals a significant improvement in the process performance. Maximum TC degradations of 55.5 ± 1.8 % for photocatalysis, 66.4 ± 1.8 % for sonocatalysis, and 79.5 ± 0.3 % for sonophotocatalysis were observed for 10 mg L−1 initial TC concentration after 90 min of treatment. The photocatalytic experiments were extended further to 210 min to achieve a maximum degradation of 78.9 ± 0.2 % at the optimized condition. Scavenging experiments confirmed that hydroxyl radicals (OH), electron holes (h+), and superoxide radical anions (O2−•) played a significant role in the degradation of TC. Further, the degradation intermediates for each process were identified and degradation pathways were proposed. Empirical kinetic models based on operational parameters were also developed and validated.

Abstract Image

四环素在水中的有效声光催化降解:优化、动力学模型和降解途径
混合高级氧化工艺(AOPs)因其可能产生的协同效应,在降解各种难降解化合物以进行水和废水处理方面越来越受到关注。本研究系统地评估了基于掺杂 N 的 TiO2 催化剂的声光催化过程结合声空化(声空化)和光催化降解四环素(TC)的情况。在优化条件下,TC 的降解速率常数为 2.4 × 10-2 min-1,远高于单独的声催化(0.5 × 10-2 min-1)和光催化(0.6 × 10-2 min-1)过程。协同指数为 2.14,表明工艺性能有了显著提高。处理 90 分钟后,在 10 mg L-1 初始三氯甲烷浓度下,光催化、声催化和声光催化的三氯甲烷降解率分别达到 55.5 ± 1.8 %、66.4 ± 1.8 % 和 79.5 ± 0.3 %。光催化实验进一步延长至 210 分钟,在优化条件下,最大降解率为 78.9 ± 0.2%。清除实验证实,羟基自由基(-OH)、电子空穴(h+)和超氧自由基阴离子(O2--)在 TC 降解过程中发挥了重要作用。此外,还确定了每个过程的降解中间产物,并提出了降解途径。此外,还开发并验证了基于操作参数的经验动力学模型。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
9.30%
发文量
408
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification is intended for practicing researchers in industry and academia, working in the field of Process Engineering and related to the subject of Process Intensification.Articles published in the Journal demonstrate how novel discoveries, developments and theories in the field of Process Engineering and in particular Process Intensification may be used for analysis and design of innovative equipment and processing methods with substantially improved sustainability, efficiency and environmental performance.
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