{"title":"Assessing parotid gland function through diffusion weighted MRI during and post-radiotherapy in head and neck cancer patients","authors":"Ahmad Ameri , Shaghayegh Hassas Yeganeh , Saeed Nasiri , Zahra Azizmohammadi , Mojtaba Ansari , Ainaz Sourati , Manijeh Beigi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2024.101094","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) variation in irradiated parotid glands during and after 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>This study enrolled 15 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who were treated with 3DCRT underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) at rest and after gustatory stimulation in three time points as follows: before, during (one day after receiving the mean dose 26 Gy) and 6 months after the end of radiotherapy (RT). Salivary Ejection Fraction (SEF) data was also obtained from salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) at the same three time points as MRI. Mean ADC at rest and after stimulation (ADC<sub>r</sub>, ADC<sub>s</sub>) and SEF were extracted from parotid region for three time points. Finally, SEF and changes of ADC over time at rest and after stimulation and in each time point were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Difference between mean ADC<sub>r</sub> before RT and during RT was not significant (<em>p</em> = 0.12). The ADC<sub>r</sub> values were significantly higher after RT than before RT (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and during RT (after dose 26 Gy) (<em>p</em> = 0.001). The difference between ADC<sub>r</sub> and ADC<sub>s</sub> in each time point showed that there is significant difference between ADC<sub>r</sub> and ADC<sub>s</sub> before RT (<em>p</em> = 0.005). Difference between these parameters after RT was also significant (<em>p</em> = 0.05). Non-significant difference (<em>p</em> = 0.21) between ADC<sub>r</sub> and ADC<sub>s</sub> during RT was observed. The result of SEF also was significantly lower after RT than during (<em>p</em> = 0.008) and before RT (<em>p</em> = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Mean ADC values could be used as a surrogate marker to characterize the parotid function in different stages of RT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"17 4","pages":"Article 101094"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687850724002784/pdfft?md5=619635c414afab88af4bb85eeac65ea2&pid=1-s2.0-S1687850724002784-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687850724002784","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) variation in irradiated parotid glands during and after 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT).
Materials and methods
This study enrolled 15 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients who were treated with 3DCRT underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) at rest and after gustatory stimulation in three time points as follows: before, during (one day after receiving the mean dose 26 Gy) and 6 months after the end of radiotherapy (RT). Salivary Ejection Fraction (SEF) data was also obtained from salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) at the same three time points as MRI. Mean ADC at rest and after stimulation (ADCr, ADCs) and SEF were extracted from parotid region for three time points. Finally, SEF and changes of ADC over time at rest and after stimulation and in each time point were compared.
Results
Difference between mean ADCr before RT and during RT was not significant (p = 0.12). The ADCr values were significantly higher after RT than before RT (p = 0.003) and during RT (after dose 26 Gy) (p = 0.001). The difference between ADCr and ADCs in each time point showed that there is significant difference between ADCr and ADCs before RT (p = 0.005). Difference between these parameters after RT was also significant (p = 0.05). Non-significant difference (p = 0.21) between ADCr and ADCs during RT was observed. The result of SEF also was significantly lower after RT than during (p = 0.008) and before RT (p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Mean ADC values could be used as a surrogate marker to characterize the parotid function in different stages of RT.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences provides a high quality medium for the publication of substantial, original and scientific and technological papers on the development and applications of nuclear, radiation and isotopes in biology, medicine, drugs, biochemistry, microbiology, agriculture, entomology, food technology, chemistry, physics, solid states, engineering, environmental and applied sciences.
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