{"title":"Rock thermal conductivity and thermal inertia measurements under martian atmospheric pressures","authors":"A.A. Ahern , A.D. Rogers , R.J. Macke , S.A. Mertzman , K.R. Mertzman , B.J. Thomson , R.E. Kronyak , G.M. Peters , E.L. Carey , R.J. Hopkins","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2024.116272","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The physical properties of rocks on planetary surfaces influence their bulk thermal conductivity (<em>k</em>) and thermal inertia (<em>TI</em>); however, there has been little work done to date to explore quantitative relationships between physical properties (bulk density, porosity, mechanical strength) and thermal properties (<em>k</em> and <em>TI</em>) at Mars-relevant pressures. We present the first <em>k</em> and <em>TI</em> measurements of a comprehensive suite of Mars-relevant igneous and sedimentary rocks under Mars atmospheric pressures. We used modified transient plane source (MTPS) and transient plane source (TPS) methods to measure <em>k</em> and <em>TI</em> values of 40 samples (3 monomineralic, 13 igneous, 24 sedimentary) at pressures between 1 and 10 mbar and at 1 bar, at ∼25 °C. The rock samples were characterized by bulk density, grain density, porosity, uniaxial compressive strength, mineralogy, and major and trace element abundances. We find that bulk density and porosity roughly correlate to <em>k</em> and <em>TI</em> values at Mars pressures by power law relationships. The relationships of the thermal properties with mechanical strength and chemical properties, however, are not straightforward. Many physical and chemical factors play a role in determining <em>k</em> and <em>TI</em> values; thus, it is not possible to relate a single physical or chemical property to <em>k</em> and <em>TI</em> directly based on these measurements. Rock <em>TI</em> values derived from rover surface temperature measurements on Mars agree with our results for similar rock types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13199,"journal":{"name":"Icarus","volume":"424 ","pages":"Article 116272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Icarus","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103524003324","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The physical properties of rocks on planetary surfaces influence their bulk thermal conductivity (k) and thermal inertia (TI); however, there has been little work done to date to explore quantitative relationships between physical properties (bulk density, porosity, mechanical strength) and thermal properties (k and TI) at Mars-relevant pressures. We present the first k and TI measurements of a comprehensive suite of Mars-relevant igneous and sedimentary rocks under Mars atmospheric pressures. We used modified transient plane source (MTPS) and transient plane source (TPS) methods to measure k and TI values of 40 samples (3 monomineralic, 13 igneous, 24 sedimentary) at pressures between 1 and 10 mbar and at 1 bar, at ∼25 °C. The rock samples were characterized by bulk density, grain density, porosity, uniaxial compressive strength, mineralogy, and major and trace element abundances. We find that bulk density and porosity roughly correlate to k and TI values at Mars pressures by power law relationships. The relationships of the thermal properties with mechanical strength and chemical properties, however, are not straightforward. Many physical and chemical factors play a role in determining k and TI values; thus, it is not possible to relate a single physical or chemical property to k and TI directly based on these measurements. Rock TI values derived from rover surface temperature measurements on Mars agree with our results for similar rock types.
行星表面岩石的物理性质会影响其体积热导率(k)和热惯性(TI);然而,迄今为止,在火星相关压力下探索物理性质(体积密度、孔隙率、机械强度)与热性质(k 和 TI)之间定量关系的工作还很少。我们首次在火星大气压下对一整套火星相关火成岩和沉积岩进行了 k 和 TI 测量。我们采用改进的瞬态平面源(MTPS)和瞬态平面源(TPS)方法,测量了 40 个样品(3 个单质岩、13 个火成岩和 24 个沉积岩)在 1 至 10 毫巴和 1 巴压力下的 k 值和 TI 值,温度为 ∼ 25 °C。岩石样本的特征包括体积密度、颗粒密度、孔隙率、单轴抗压强度、矿物学以及主要和微量元素丰度。我们发现,在火星压力下,体积密度和孔隙度与 k 值和 TI 值大致呈幂律关系。然而,热特性与机械强度和化学特性的关系并不简单。许多物理和化学因素在决定 k 和 TI 值的过程中发挥作用;因此,不可能根据这些测量结果将单一的物理或化学特性与 k 和 TI 直接联系起来。根据火星探测器表面温度测量得出的岩石 TI 值与我们对类似岩石类型的测量结果一致。
期刊介绍:
Icarus is devoted to the publication of original contributions in the field of Solar System studies. Manuscripts reporting the results of new research - observational, experimental, or theoretical - concerning the astronomy, geology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, and other scientific aspects of our Solar System or extrasolar systems are welcome. The journal generally does not publish papers devoted exclusively to the Sun, the Earth, celestial mechanics, meteoritics, or astrophysics. Icarus does not publish papers that provide "improved" versions of Bode''s law, or other numerical relations, without a sound physical basis. Icarus does not publish meeting announcements or general notices. Reviews, historical papers, and manuscripts describing spacecraft instrumentation may be considered, but only with prior approval of the editor. An entire issue of the journal is occasionally devoted to a single subject, usually arising from a conference on the same topic. The language of publication is English. American or British usage is accepted, but not a mixture of these.