{"title":"Phase transition in AISI 304 during rolling contact wear and its monitoring via Barkhausen noise emission","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205563","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the phase transition of austenite into strain-induced martensite during the long-term rolling contact wear. The transformation of the non-ferromagnetic austenite to the ferromagnetic martensite is studied as a function of rolling contact duration under the constant roller load and rotation. X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy demonstrate that the intensity and extent of strain-induced phase transformation are progressively growing along the rolling duration. Furthermore, it is also found that the extent of this transformation is non-homogenous with respect to the produced wear track width when the highest intensity can be found near the grove centre, and a progressive decrease is detected towards the wear track edge. Compressive residual stresses are produced in both crystalline phases. However, their nearly unaffected amplitude with the rolling duration for the martensite phase is contrasted with the gradually decreasing amplitude of the austenite phase, which indicates the thermal effect. The surface temperature increases due to friction, plastic deformation and the phase transition. It has been proved that the Barkhausen noise technique integrates signals from the whole wear track width as well as quite deep regions below the wear track surface. Barkhausen noise exhibits continuous and progressive increase with the rolling duration as it is contrasted with the X-ray diffraction. Consequently, the Barkhausen noise technique was found to be the more reasonable experimental technique to study the progressive propagation of the phase transition into the bulk material than the X-ray diffraction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wear","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043164824003284","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study investigates the phase transition of austenite into strain-induced martensite during the long-term rolling contact wear. The transformation of the non-ferromagnetic austenite to the ferromagnetic martensite is studied as a function of rolling contact duration under the constant roller load and rotation. X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy demonstrate that the intensity and extent of strain-induced phase transformation are progressively growing along the rolling duration. Furthermore, it is also found that the extent of this transformation is non-homogenous with respect to the produced wear track width when the highest intensity can be found near the grove centre, and a progressive decrease is detected towards the wear track edge. Compressive residual stresses are produced in both crystalline phases. However, their nearly unaffected amplitude with the rolling duration for the martensite phase is contrasted with the gradually decreasing amplitude of the austenite phase, which indicates the thermal effect. The surface temperature increases due to friction, plastic deformation and the phase transition. It has been proved that the Barkhausen noise technique integrates signals from the whole wear track width as well as quite deep regions below the wear track surface. Barkhausen noise exhibits continuous and progressive increase with the rolling duration as it is contrasted with the X-ray diffraction. Consequently, the Barkhausen noise technique was found to be the more reasonable experimental technique to study the progressive propagation of the phase transition into the bulk material than the X-ray diffraction.
本研究探讨了在长期滚动接触磨损过程中奥氏体向应变诱导马氏体的相变。研究了在恒定的轧辊载荷和旋转条件下,非铁磁性奥氏体向铁磁性马氏体的转变与轧制接触时间的函数关系。X 射线衍射技术和扫描电子显微镜表明,应变诱导的相变强度和程度随着轧制时间的延长而逐渐增加。此外,还发现这种转变的程度与产生的磨损轨迹宽度不均匀,在沟槽中心附近强度最高,而在磨损轨迹边缘则逐渐降低。两种结晶相都会产生压缩残余应力。然而,马氏体相的残余应力振幅几乎不受轧制持续时间的影响,而奥氏体相的残余应力振幅则逐渐减小,这表明存在热效应。摩擦、塑性变形和相变导致表面温度升高。事实证明,巴尔豪森噪声技术可以整合整个磨损轨迹宽度以及磨损轨迹表面下相当深区域的信号。与 X 射线衍射相比,巴克豪森噪声随着轧制时间的延长呈现出连续和逐渐增加的趋势。因此,与 X 射线衍射相比,巴尔豪森噪声技术被认为是研究相变向块状材料逐步传播的更合理的实验技术。
期刊介绍:
Wear journal is dedicated to the advancement of basic and applied knowledge concerning the nature of wear of materials. Broadly, topics of interest range from development of fundamental understanding of the mechanisms of wear to innovative solutions to practical engineering problems. Authors of experimental studies are expected to comment on the repeatability of the data, and whenever possible, conduct multiple measurements under similar testing conditions. Further, Wear embraces the highest standards of professional ethics, and the detection of matching content, either in written or graphical form, from other publications by the current authors or by others, may result in rejection.