Humic acid alleviates the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in combination with their copper nanoparticle co-pollutants in Artemia salina

IF 8.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1039/D4EN00437J

Mahalakshmi Kamalakannan, John Thomas and Natarajan Chandrasekaran

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Abstract

Polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) have become a ubiquitous environmental threat that can harm living organisms. Other pollutants such as copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) bind with PSNPs and humic acid (HA), alleviating the toxicity of PSNPs. In this study, individual PSNPs were interacted with CuNPs and HA to study their combined toxicity on Artemia salina. The size of PSNPs increased after 72 h of interaction with CuNPs. FTIR spectroscopy analysis confirmed that CuNPs bind to the surface of PSNPs. It was found that HA adsorbed more strongly onto PSNPs than CuNPs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed the adsorption of HA and CuNPs onto the surface of PSNPs. Toxicity experiments showed a decreased toxicity of PSNPs and CuNPs upon their combination with HA (humic acid). Microscopic analysis showed particle accumulation in Artemia salina. The mortality rate of Artemia salina is higher in PSNP + CuNP combination. PSNPs + CuNPs showed higher production of antioxidant enzymes, and PSNPs + CuNPs + HA showed lower toxicity. This study shows that the presence of HA can lead to a reduction in the toxicity of PSNPs and CuNPs, suggesting their potential application in environmental remediation.

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腐殖酸可减轻聚苯乙烯纳米塑料与其纳米铜粒子共污染物对盐水蒿的毒性

聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PSNPs）已成为一种无处不在的环境威胁，可对生物体造成伤害。其他污染物，如纳米铜粒子（CuNPs）与聚苯乙烯纳米塑料和腐殖酸（HA）结合，可减轻聚苯乙烯纳米塑料的毒性。在这项研究中，单个 PSNPs 与 CuNPs 和 HA 相互作用，研究它们对盐藻类的综合毒性。与 CuNPs 作用 72 小时后，PSNPs 的体积增大。傅立叶变换红外光谱分析证实 CuNPs 与 PSNPs 表面结合。研究发现，HA 在 PSNPs 上的吸附比 CuNPs 更强。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）和能量色散 X 射线（EDX）光谱证实了 PSNPs 表面对 HA 和 CuNPs 的吸附。毒性实验表明，PSNPs 和 CuNPs 与 HA（腐植酸）结合后毒性降低。显微镜分析表明，颗粒在盐藻体中积累。在 PSNP + CuNP 组合中，藻类的死亡率较高。PSNPs + CuNPs 的抗氧化酶产量更高，而 PSNPs + CuNPs + HA 的毒性更低。这项研究表明，HA 的存在可降低 PSNPs 和 CuNPs 的毒性，这表明它们有可能应用于环境修复。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.30%

发文量

4978

审稿时长

1.8 months

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces is a leading interdisciplinary journal that brings together chemists, engineers, physicists, and biologists to explore the development and utilization of newly-discovered materials and interfacial processes for specific applications. Our journal has experienced remarkable growth since its establishment in 2009, both in terms of the number of articles published and the impact of the research showcased. We are proud to foster a truly global community, with the majority of published articles originating from outside the United States, reflecting the rapid growth of applied research worldwide.