Use of recycled rubber in carbon black as a filler in ternary blends of NR/BR/SBR for the automotive tire industry

IF 3.8 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI:10.1002/vnl.22128

Slaviša Jovanović, Suzana Samaržija-Jovanović, Vojislav Jovanović, Gordana Marković, Jelena Vujaković, Milena Marinović-Cincović

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This work aims to find the optimal ratio of recycled rubber (RR) in carbon black (CB)/RR filler and determine its influence on the mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and activation energy of ternary rubber based on polyisoprene (natural rubber [NR]), polybutadiene (butadiene rubber [BR]), and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) with a constant ratio of 40/40/20 parts per 100 of rubber (phr). The filler used was N330 (60 phr) and a mixture of CB/RR filler in the following proportions: 55/5, 50/10, and 40/20 phr. The activation energy of the examined samples was determined by the rheometric method. The samples were subjected to thermo-oxidative (at 100°C after 168 h) and γ-radiation aging (200 kGy). Hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break were evaluated before and after thermo-oxidative and γ-radiation aging. SEM, attenuated total reflectance fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and TG/DTG techniques were used to characterize NR/BR/SBR composites.

The results show that the most optimal CB/RR ratio is 55/5 phr, which is confirmed by the mechanical properties before and after aging and the results for the activation energies of cross-linking and reversion. The thermal stability of the composite containing 60 phr of the CB and the composite reinforced with 5 phr of the RR in CB/RR filler is almost the same.

The results of this research may be applicable in the automotive tire industry since NR/BR/SBR composites are used for automotive tire treads. Another benefit of this research is that the partial replacement of CB with RR contributes to the reduction of tire waste, and thus to the preservation of environmental protection.

Highlights

Rubber composite NR/BR/SBR = 40/40/20 phr reinforced with CB/RR filler
The amount of RR in the CB/RR filler has been changed to 5, 10 and 20 phr
The lowest value for E_ac has the sample containing filler CB/RR = 55/5 phr
The most thermally stable sample is the sample with 5 phr RR in CB/RR filler
RR (5 phr) can be applied in CB/RR filler to reinforce NR/BR/SBR composites

Abstract Image

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在用于汽车轮胎工业的 NR/BR/SBR 三元共混物中使用炭黑中的再生橡胶作为填料

本研究旨在找出炭黑（CB）/RR 填料中再生橡胶（RR）的最佳比例，并确定其对基于聚异戊二烯（天然橡胶 [NR]）、聚丁二烯（丁二烯橡胶 [BR]）和丁苯橡胶（SBR）的三元橡胶的机械性能、热行为和活化能的影响，三元橡胶的比例恒定为每 100 份橡胶中占 40/40/20 份（phr）。所用填料为 N330（60 phr）和 CB/RR 填料混合物，比例如下：55/5、50/10 和 40/10：55/5、50/10 和 40/20 phr。样品的活化能是通过流变法测定的。对样品进行了热氧化（100°C，168 小时后）和γ 辐射老化（200 kGy）。在热氧化和 γ 辐射老化前后对硬度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率进行了评估。扫描电镜、衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）和 TG/DTG 技术用于表征 NR/BR/SBR 复合材料。结果表明，CB/RR 的最佳比例为 55/5 phr，老化前后的机械性能以及交联和还原的活化能结果也证实了这一点。含 60 phr CB 的复合材料和含 5 phr CB/RR 填充剂的 RR 增强复合材料的热稳定性几乎相同。由于 NR/BR/SBR 复合材料可用于汽车轮胎胎面，因此本研究的结果可能适用于汽车轮胎行业。这项研究的另一个好处是，用 RR 替代部分 CB 有助于减少轮胎废弃物，从而保护环境。要点使用 CB/RR 填充剂增强的 NR/BR/SBR = 40/40/20 phr 橡胶复合材料 CB/RR 填充剂中 RR 的含量分别为 5、10 和 20 phr 含有 CB/RR 填充剂 = 55/5 phr 的样品 Eac 值最低 CB/RR 填充剂中 RR 含量为 5 phr 的样品热稳定性最高 RR（5 phr）可用于 CB/RR 填充剂，以增强 NR/BR/SBR 复合材料。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.