Determination of elastic moduli of polymeric materials using microhardness indentation

IF 3.3 2区 医学 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Riya Titus , Megha Satpathy , John J. Mecholsky Jr. , Kartikeya Singh Jodha , Nader Abdulhameed , Jason A. Griggs
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Abstract

Young's modulus of elasticity (or stiffness, E) is an important material property for many applications of polymers and polymer-matrix composites. The common methods of measuring E are by measuring the velocity of ultrasonic pulses through the material or by resistance to flexure, but it is difficult for ultrasound to penetrate polymers that contain filler particles, and flexural measurements require large specimens that may not mimic the clinical case. Thus, it may be difficult to determine E using conventional techniques. It would be useful to have a relatively rapid technique that could be applied to small specimens, highly filled materials, and even specimens cured in situ. We suggest using a microhardness indentation technique that was originally developed for ceramic materials. We tested two unfilled rigid polymers, four resin composites, and four unfilled polymers with lesser hardness for this study. The study found that greater Vickers hardness loads yielded more consistent results than lesser loads. We developed a modified equation for E based on Knoop microhardness indentations. We concluded that laboratories may use a microhardness indenter to estimate the elastic moduli of polymers and resin composites. The results support our initial hypotheses that the slope of the equation relating the indentation parameter and the hardness/elastic modulus ratio was different for polymers and resin composites than for ceramics; however, the intercept is the same irrespective of the material tested.

Abstract Image

利用微硬度压痕法测定聚合物材料的弹性模量
杨氏弹性模量(或刚度,E)是聚合物和聚合物基复合材料许多应用中的一项重要材料特性。测量 E 的常用方法是测量超声波脉冲通过材料的速度或抗弯强度,但超声波很难穿透含有填料颗粒的聚合物,而且抗弯强度测量需要大型试样,可能无法模拟临床案例。因此,使用传统技术可能难以确定 E 值。如果有一种相对快速的技术可以应用于小试样、高填充材料,甚至是原位固化的试样,那将会非常有用。我们建议使用最初为陶瓷材料开发的微硬度压痕技术。在这项研究中,我们测试了两种未填充硬质聚合物、四种树脂复合材料和四种硬度较低的未填充聚合物。研究发现,较大的维氏硬度载荷比较小的载荷产生的结果更一致。我们根据努氏显微硬度压痕得出了一个修正的 E 等式。我们的结论是,实验室可以使用显微硬度压头来估算聚合物和树脂复合材料的弹性模量。结果支持了我们最初的假设,即聚合物和树脂复合材料的压痕参数与硬度/弹性模量比之间的等式斜率不同于陶瓷;但是,无论测试的材料是什么,截距都是相同的。
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来源期刊
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 工程技术-材料科学:生物材料
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
7.70%
发文量
505
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials is concerned with the mechanical deformation, damage and failure under applied forces, of biological material (at the tissue, cellular and molecular levels) and of biomaterials, i.e. those materials which are designed to mimic or replace biological materials. The primary focus of the journal is the synthesis of materials science, biology, and medical and dental science. Reports of fundamental scientific investigations are welcome, as are articles concerned with the practical application of materials in medical devices. Both experimental and theoretical work is of interest; theoretical papers will normally include comparison of predictions with experimental data, though we recognize that this may not always be appropriate. The journal also publishes technical notes concerned with emerging experimental or theoretical techniques, letters to the editor and, by invitation, review articles and papers describing existing techniques for the benefit of an interdisciplinary readership.
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