The Emergence of New Sporothrix brasiliensis Genotypes in Current Epidemic of Sporotrichosis in Southeastern Brazil.

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 DERMATOLOGY

Mycoses Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1111/myc.13792

Salene Angelini Colombo, Jamile Ambrósio de Carvalho, Gustavo Canesso Bicalho, Danielle Ferreira de Magalhães Soares, Camila Stefanie Fonseca de Oliveira, Guilherme Campos Tavares, Anderson Messias Rodrigues, Maria Isabel de Azevedo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Zoonotic sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis has become the main subcutaneous mycosis in Brazil. Minas Gerais (MG) is located in southeast Brazil and since 2015 has experienced an epidemic of zoonotic sporotrichosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to reconstruct the epidemiological scenario of sporotrichosis from S. brasiliensis in recent epizooty in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (MRBH), MG.

Methods: A total of 95 Sporothrix spp. isolates (Sporothirx brasiliensis n = 74, S. schenckii n = 11 and S. globosa n = 10) were subjected to Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping and mating-type analysis to determine genetic diversity and population structure. Of these, 46 S. brasiliensis isolates were recovered from animals (cats n = 41 and dogs n = 5) from MRBH.

Results: Our study describes the high interspecific differentiation power of AFLP-based genotyping between the main phylogenetic Sporothrix groups. S. brasiliensis presents high genetic variability and pronounced population structure with geographically focused outbreaks in Brazil. The genetic groups include older genotypes from the prolonged epidemic in Southeast (Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo), South (Rio Grande do Sul), Northeast (Pernambuco) and new genotypes from the MRBH. Furthermore, we provide evidence of heterothallism mating strategy in pathogenic Sporothrix species. Genotypes originating in Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco carry the predominant MAT1-2 idiomorph as opposed to genotypes from Rio Grande do Sul, which have the MAT1-1 idiomorph. We observed an overwhelming occurrence of MAT1-1 among MRBH isolates.

Conclusion: Our study provides clear evidence of the predominance of a genetic group profile circulating in animals in Minas Gerais, independent of that disseminated from Rio de Janeiro. Our data can help us understand the genetic population processes that drive the evolution of this fungus in Minas Gerais and contribute to future mitigation actions for this ongoing epidemic.

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当前巴西东南部孢子丝虫病流行中出现了新的巴西孢子丝虫基因型。

背景：由巴西孢子丝菌（Sporothrix brasiliensis）引起的人畜共患孢子丝菌病已成为巴西主要的皮下真菌病。米纳斯吉拉斯州（MG）位于巴西东南部，自2015年以来经历了一场人畜共患病孢子丝菌病的流行：本研究旨在重建巴西孢子丝菌病在米纳斯吉拉斯州贝洛奥里藏特大都会地区（MRBH）近期疫情中的流行情况：对总共 95 个 Sporothrix 属分离物（Sporothirx brasiliensis n = 74、S. schenckii n = 11 和 S. globosa n = 10）进行了扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）基因分型和交配型分析，以确定遗传多样性和种群结构。其中，46 个 S. brasiliensis 分离物是从 MRBH 的动物（猫 n = 41 和狗 n = 5）中分离出来的：结果：我们的研究描述了基于 AFLP 的基因分型在 Sporothrix 主要系统发育群之间的高种间分化能力。S. brasiliensis具有很高的遗传变异性和明显的种群结构，在巴西的爆发主要集中在地理位置上。这些基因群包括东南部（里约热内卢和圣保罗）、南部（南里奥格兰德州）、东北部（伯南布哥州）长期流行的老基因型和来自 MRBH 的新基因型。此外，我们还提供了病原Sporothrix种异型交配策略的证据。里约热内卢和伯南布哥的基因型主要携带 MAT1-2 异型体，而南里奥格兰德州的基因型则携带 MAT1-1 异型体。我们观察到，在 MRBH 分离物中，MAT1-1 的出现率极高：我们的研究提供了明确的证据，证明在米纳斯吉拉斯州动物中流行的基因组特征占主导地位，与里约热内卢传播的基因组特征无关。我们的数据有助于我们了解米纳斯吉拉斯州这种真菌进化的遗传种群过程，并有助于未来针对这一持续流行病采取缓解行动。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Mycoses 医学-皮肤病学

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

8.20%

发文量

143

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal Mycoses provides an international forum for original papers in English on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis, and epidemiology of fungal infectious diseases in humans as well as on the biology of pathogenic fungi. Medical mycology as part of medical microbiology is advancing rapidly. Effective therapeutic strategies are already available in chemotherapy and are being further developed. Their application requires reliable laboratory diagnostic techniques, which, in turn, result from mycological basic research. Opportunistic mycoses vary greatly in their clinical and pathological symptoms, because the underlying disease of a patient at risk decisively determines their symptomatology and progress. The journal Mycoses is therefore of interest to scientists in fundamental mycological research, mycological laboratory diagnosticians and clinicians interested in fungal infections.