Expert assessment of illegal collecting impacts on Venus flytraps and priorities for research on illegal trade

IF 5.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Jared D. Margulies, Benjamin Trost, Laura Hamon, Natalie Z. Kerr, Michael Kunz, John L. Randall, Roger D. Shew, Dale M. Shew, Lesley Starke, Dale Suiter, Zachary West
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Abstract

Illegal collecting of wild Venus flytraps (Dionaea muscipula) for the horticultural trade represents a persistent threat to populations of the species across their endemic range in the coastal plain of North and South Carolina (United States). Although wild collecting of Venus flytraps is not a novel threat, there has been very little research on the impacts of collecting on the species’ conservation to date or why an illegal trade persists alongside a legal one. We drew on qualitative expert stakeholder elicitation to contextualize the threat of illegal collecting to the long-term conservation of Venus flytraps in relation to other anthropogenic threats. Expert elicitation included botanical and conservation researchers, cognizant state and federal agency staff, land managers, and conservation nonprofit actors. The workshop included mapping of supply chain structures and prioritization of social and environmental harms. Expert consensus determined illegal collecting is an ongoing problem for Venus flytrap conservation, but habitat destruction, degradation, and fire suppression are the most significant threats to flytrap conservation. Supply chain analysis showed that observable social and environmental harms of the trade are focused at the supply stage and that less is known about transit and demand stages. Key research gaps identified include a lack of understanding of plant laundering practices relevant to a range of desirable plant taxa; the role of commercial nurseries in illicit horticultural supply chains; motivations for engaging in Venus flytrap collecting; and the persistent demand for illegally harvested plants when cultivated, legally obtainable plants are readily available. Our findings and methodology are relevant to a range of ornamental plants affected by illegal trade for which robust social data on illegal collecting drivers are lacking.

Abstract Image

专家评估非法采集对金星捕蝇草的影响以及非法贸易研究的优先事项。
非法采集野生金星捕蝇草(Dionaea muscipula)用于园艺贸易,对该物种在美国南北卡罗来纳州沿海平原的特有分布区的种群构成了持续威胁。尽管对金星捕蝇草的野生采集并不是一种新的威胁,但迄今为止,有关采集对该物种保护的影响或为何非法贸易与合法贸易同时存在的研究却很少。我们利用定性专家利益相关者征求意见的方式,将非法采集对金星捕蝇草长期保护的威胁与其他人为威胁联系起来。征求意见的专家包括植物学和保护研究人员、了解情况的州和联邦机构工作人员、土地管理者以及保护非营利组织的参与者。研讨会包括绘制供应链结构图以及确定社会和环境危害的优先次序。专家们一致认为,非法采集是维纳斯捕蝇草保护一直面临的问题,但栖息地的破坏、退化和灭火是捕蝇草保护面临的最大威胁。供应链分析表明,可观察到的捕蝇草贸易的社会和环境危害主要集中在供应阶段,而对过境和需求阶段的了解较少。我们发现的主要研究空白包括:对与一系列理想植物分类群相关的植物洗钱行为缺乏了解;商业苗圃在非法园艺供应链中的作用;从事维纳斯捕蝇草采集的动机;以及当合法种植的植物唾手可得时,对非法收获植物的持续需求。我们的研究结果和方法适用于一系列受非法贸易影响的观赏植物,这些植物缺乏有关非法采集动因的可靠社会数据。
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来源期刊
Conservation Biology
Conservation Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
3.20%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Conservation Biology welcomes submissions that address the science and practice of conserving Earth's biological diversity. We encourage submissions that emphasize issues germane to any of Earth''s ecosystems or geographic regions and that apply diverse approaches to analyses and problem solving. Nevertheless, manuscripts with relevance to conservation that transcend the particular ecosystem, species, or situation described will be prioritized for publication.
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