Effects of Horizontal Resolution on Long-Range Equatorward Radiation of Near-Inertial Internal Waves in Ocean General Circulation Models

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Bingrong Sun, Zhao Jing, Man Yuan, Haiyuan Yang, Lixin Wu
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Abstract

Wind-generated near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) are characterized by dominant long-range equatorward radiation due to the gradient of the planetary vorticity, known as the β-refraction effect. In this study, we analyze the effects of horizontal model resolution on the long-range equatorward radiation of NIWs. In a high-resolution Community Earth System Model (CESM-HR) with a 0.1° oceanic resolution, about 25% (15%) of NIW energy flux injected downward the surface boundary layer base poleward of 30°N (30°S) radiates into the lower-latitude region. This ratio decreases to about 15% (8%) in a low-resolution CESM (CESM-LR) with a 1° oceanic resolution. The higher long-range equatorward radiation efficiency in the CESM-HR than the CESM-LR is directly attributed to the faster equatorward group velocity of the NIWs of the first three vertical modes, which reflects the better representation of equatorward propagation and beta-refraction of smaller scale NIWs in the CESM-HR. The enhancement of equatorward wavenumber induced by the β-refraction is inhibited in the CESM-LR, which underrepresent the long-range equatorward radiation of NIWs. These results underscore the necessity of high-resolution ocean models in accurately simulating the spatial variabilities of NIWs and their induced turbulent diapycnal mixing in the global ocean.

Abstract Image

水平分辨率对海洋大气环流模型中近惯性内波远距离赤道辐射的影响
风产生的近惯性内波(NIWs)的特点是由于行星涡度梯度(即β折射效应)而产生的主要长程赤道向辐射。在本研究中,我们分析了水平模式分辨率对近地天体向赤道长程辐射的影响。在海洋分辨率为 0.1°的高分辨率群落地球系统模式(CESM-HR)中,北纬 30°(南纬 30°)极向地表边界层基底向下注入的 NIW 能量通量约有 25%(15%)辐射到低纬度地区。在海洋分辨率为 1°的低分辨率 CESM(CESM-LR)中,这一比例降至约 15%(8%)。与 CESM-LR 相比,CESM-HR 的远距离赤道向辐射效率更高,这直接归因于前三个垂直模式的 NIW 更快的赤道向群速度,反映了 CESM-HR 更好地表现了较小尺度 NIW 的赤道向传播和β-折射。在 CESM-LR 中,β-折射引起的向赤道方向的波数增强受到抑制,从而未能充分反映 NIW 的长程向赤道方向辐射。这些结果强调了高分辨率海洋模式在准确模拟全球海洋中近地微波的空间变化及其诱导的湍流双向混合方面的必要性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
11.80%
发文量
241
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES) is committed to advancing the science of Earth systems modeling by offering high-quality scientific research through online availability and open access licensing. JAMES invites authors and readers from the international Earth systems modeling community. Open access. Articles are available free of charge for everyone with Internet access to view and download. Formal peer review. Supplemental material, such as code samples, images, and visualizations, is published at no additional charge. No additional charge for color figures. Modest page charges to cover production costs. Articles published in high-quality full text PDF, HTML, and XML. Internal and external reference linking, DOI registration, and forward linking via CrossRef.
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