Distribution and origin of rare earth elements (REEs) in topsoils and soil profiles of southern Konya (Turkey): Implication for controls on the dynamics of REEs in soils and bedrocks
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) was investigated in topsoils, soil profiles, bedrocks, and stream sediments collected from different geological environments in southern Konya to understand how natural and anthropogenic factors affect the geochemical behavior of REEs and the dynamics of pedogenic processes. The highest REE concentrations were observed in volcanic rocks and the lowest REE concentrations were observed in sedimentary rocks. The soils derived from volcanic rocks show the highest average REE content, followed by soils derived from sedimentary rocks and then soils derived from ophiolitic rocks. REE contents in soils derived from different geological units decrease in the following order: volcanic > sedimentary > ophiolitic. The average REE concentrations of soils in the study area are in decreasing order: Ce > La > Nd > Pr > Sm > Gd > Dy > Er > Yb > Eu > Tb > Ho > Tm > Lu. (La/Yb)N ranged from 1.19 to 1.86 with an average value of 1.5 indicating considerable enrichment of LREEs in topsoil. The highest LREE/HREE fractionation was determined in the soils over sedimentary rocks. The soils have slightly negative Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*= 0.98 to 0.99) and positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 1.02 to 1.12). REEs in the soil profile developed on sedimentary rocks (Profile-I; HPPR) were higher than those developed on ophiolitic rocks (Profile-II; KHPR). The soil profile samples show slightly negative Ce anomalies (Profile I=0.93, Profile II=0.93) and positive Eu anomalies (Profile I=1.08, Profile II=1.39) similar to topsoils. The spatial distribution of REEs normalized to the Upper crust and Earth crust showed that parental materials control the prevalence of REEs in soils of southern Konya. The distribution of REEs with Eu and Ce anomalies in the soils is similar to REEs with Eu and Ce anomalies in the parental rocks. The spatial distribution of REEs in soils appears to be controlled by the lithology of the study area as well as mineral composition, weathering process, and pH. Enrichment factors (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) commonly indicating non-enriched soils correspond to natural materials.
期刊介绍：
Catena publishes papers describing original field and laboratory investigations and reviews on geoecology and landscape evolution with emphasis on interdisciplinary aspects of soil science, hydrology and geomorphology. It aims to disseminate new knowledge and foster better understanding of the physical environment, of evolutionary sequences that have resulted in past and current landscapes, and of the natural processes that are likely to determine the fate of our terrestrial environment.
Papers within any one of the above topics are welcome provided they are of sufficiently wide interest and relevance.
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