Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of NADPH oxidase genes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, and during alternating heteromorphic generations in Pyropia haitanensis

IF 4.6 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Zhujun Zhu , Pengfei Cheng , Yanrong Li , Xiaojun Yan , Haimin Chen
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Abstract

Algae respond rapidly with a respiratory oxidative burst during and after exposure to numerous environmental stresses. However, NADPH oxidase (Nox) homologs related to the generation of reactive oxygen species by algae are still poorly understood. In the present study, we identified 46 Nox homologs in eight red algae species; these Noxs possessed key functional domains similar to plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs but most of them were clustered into an independent clade in evolution. Furthermore, the cis-acting regulatory elements, transcription profiles, transcription factors co-expression correlation and differential expression of Pyropia haitanensis nox genes (Phnoxs) were detected. Results revealed that abundant elements involved in phytohormone responsiveness, abiotic stress induction, light regulation and transcription factor binding were harbored at the promoter region of Phnoxs. And they possessed differential transcript profiles during alternating heteromorphic generations. Phnox5C and 2C were the main genes expressed in free-living conchocelis and gametophyte, respectively, and their expression might be regulated by different transcription factors; an implication of their importance in nori growth and carpospore development. In addition, Phnox2C, 4 and 5A were significantly up-regulated after flg22 or oligoagar exposure, indicating they may provide resistance to pathogens. Conversely, Phnox2A, 2C, 4 and 5A responded positively to mechanical damage or drought stress. The findings presented in this study could be valuable for further elucidating the functions and regulatory mechanisms of NADPH oxidases during the development and adaptation of red algae to diverse stresses.

全基因组范围内 NADPH 氧化酶基因的鉴定和表达分析:对生物和非生物胁迫的响应以及海桐异形世代交替期间 NADPH 氧化酶基因的表达分析
藻类在暴露于多种环境压力期间和之后会迅速做出呼吸氧化爆发反应。然而,人们对与藻类产生活性氧有关的 NADPH 氧化酶(Nox)同源物仍然知之甚少。在本研究中,我们在 8 种红藻中发现了 46 个 Nox 同源物;这些 Nox 具有与植物呼吸猝灭氧化酶同源物相似的关键功能域,但它们中的大多数在进化过程中聚集成一个独立的支系。此外,还检测了海红藻 Nox 基因(Phnoxs)的顺式调控元件、转录谱、转录因子共表达相关性和差异表达。结果表明,在Phnoxs基因的启动子区域含有大量涉及植物激素响应性、非生物胁迫诱导、光照调控和转录因子结合的调控元件。它们在异形世代交替过程中具有不同的转录本特征。Phnox5C和2C分别是在自由生活的海螺和配子体中表达的主要基因,它们的表达可能受不同转录因子的调控;这暗示了它们在紫菜生长和鲤鱼孢子发育过程中的重要性。此外,Phnox2C、4和5A在接触flg22或寡聚试剂后明显上调,表明它们可能具有抵抗病原体的能力。相反,Phnox2A、2C、4 和 5A 对机械损伤或干旱胁迫有积极反应。本研究的发现对进一步阐明NADPH氧化酶在红藻生长发育和适应各种胁迫过程中的功能和调控机制具有重要价值。
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来源期刊
Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts
Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
7.80%
发文量
332
期刊介绍: Algal Research is an international phycology journal covering all areas of emerging technologies in algae biology, biomass production, cultivation, harvesting, extraction, bioproducts, biorefinery, engineering, and econometrics. Algae is defined to include cyanobacteria, microalgae, and protists and symbionts of interest in biotechnology. The journal publishes original research and reviews for the following scope: algal biology, including but not exclusive to: phylogeny, biodiversity, molecular traits, metabolic regulation, and genetic engineering, algal cultivation, e.g. phototrophic systems, heterotrophic systems, and mixotrophic systems, algal harvesting and extraction systems, biotechnology to convert algal biomass and components into biofuels and bioproducts, e.g., nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, animal feed, plastics, etc. algal products and their economic assessment
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