{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence and Potential Impact of HPV Vaccines in Patients with and Without Oral Diseases: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Michela Buttà , Nicola Serra , Erika Mannino , Vera Panzarella , Daniela Cabibi , Giuseppina Campisi , Daniela Pistoia , Giuseppina Capra","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103059","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in the healthy population and patients with oral diseases such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and oral benign lesions (BL), is not consistently described in the literature, with scarce and often heterogeneous data. In addition, the efficacy of HPV prophylactic vaccines in preventing HPV-related oral disorders has been scarcely investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The prevalence of HPV and the potential impact of vaccines were analyzed in 1,415 oral rinse specimens, collected over 10 years and grouped into four categories based on histological/clinical diagnosis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>HPV prevalence in OSCC, OPMD, and BL patients and in healthy individuals potentially exposed to HPV (HPE) was comparable (12.7 vs. 27.2% vs. 13.5 vs. 9%). Statistical analysis of the vaccine impact involved calculating high and low estimates and showed a significant difference only for the low effect. The nonavalent vaccine had higher low estimates than the bivalent vaccine in OSCC and HPE patients (29.6 vs. 51.9%, <em>p</em> < 0.05; 18.2 vs. 42.4%, <em>p</em> < 0.05), while for OPMD and BL, the frequency of bivalent low estimates was lower than that of quadrivalent and nonavalent (48.6 vs. 68.6%, <em>p</em> < 0.05 and 48.6 vs. 77.1%, <em>p</em> < 0.05; 23.9 vs. 50.7%, <em>p</em> < 0.05, and 23.9 vs. 63.4%, <em>p</em> < 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provided new insights into the prevalence of oral HPV and showed that the nonavalent vaccine may provide better protection than the other vaccines in the presence of an OSCC diagnosis. Conversely, the quadrivalent vaccine may be sufficient to prevent OPMD and BL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924001115/pdfft?md5=724d759997e58d4ca45656042270244b&pid=1-s2.0-S0188440924001115-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of Medical Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924001115","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
The prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) in the healthy population and patients with oral diseases such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and oral benign lesions (BL), is not consistently described in the literature, with scarce and often heterogeneous data. In addition, the efficacy of HPV prophylactic vaccines in preventing HPV-related oral disorders has been scarcely investigated.
Methods
The prevalence of HPV and the potential impact of vaccines were analyzed in 1,415 oral rinse specimens, collected over 10 years and grouped into four categories based on histological/clinical diagnosis.
Results
HPV prevalence in OSCC, OPMD, and BL patients and in healthy individuals potentially exposed to HPV (HPE) was comparable (12.7 vs. 27.2% vs. 13.5 vs. 9%). Statistical analysis of the vaccine impact involved calculating high and low estimates and showed a significant difference only for the low effect. The nonavalent vaccine had higher low estimates than the bivalent vaccine in OSCC and HPE patients (29.6 vs. 51.9%, p < 0.05; 18.2 vs. 42.4%, p < 0.05), while for OPMD and BL, the frequency of bivalent low estimates was lower than that of quadrivalent and nonavalent (48.6 vs. 68.6%, p < 0.05 and 48.6 vs. 77.1%, p < 0.05; 23.9 vs. 50.7%, p < 0.05, and 23.9 vs. 63.4%, p < 0.05).
Conclusions
This study provided new insights into the prevalence of oral HPV and showed that the nonavalent vaccine may provide better protection than the other vaccines in the presence of an OSCC diagnosis. Conversely, the quadrivalent vaccine may be sufficient to prevent OPMD and BL.
期刊介绍:
Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.