Molecular evolution and genotype shift of Porcine circoviruses type 2 in Vietnam.

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Research Communications Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-07 DOI:10.1007/s11259-024-10521-x

Danh Cong Lai, Dung Khanh Thi Le, Trung Huu Nguyen, Manh Van Thach, Vo Thi Hue, Phan Van Le, Tram Ngoc Thi Ngo, Nam Minh Nguyen, Duy Tien Do

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Abstract

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), a significant pathogen in the global swine industry, causes Porcine Circovirus Associated Diseases (PCVAD), contributing to substantial economic losses. This study investigates the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of PCV2 in Vietnam from 2007 to 2023. We sequenced and analyzed 47 PCV2 genomes isolated from swine farms across Vietnam between 2022 and 2023, revealing predominant circulation of PCV2d (80.85%) followed by PCV2b (19.15%). Phylogenetic analysis identified PCV2 genotypes PCV2a, PCV2b, PCV2d, PCV2g, and PCV2h circulating in Vietnam, with PCV2d emerging as the most prevalent genotype. Comparison with historical data highlighted genotype shifts from PCV2b to PCV2d in 2014. Interestingly, PCV2h genotype was mainly observed between 2008 and 2012 but have not been detected since 2014. Regional analysis indicated varied PCV2 epidemiological patterns between northern and southern Vietnam. Amino acid substitutions within the capsid protein were identified, predominantly in antigenic regions critical for immune recognition. Positive selection analysis identified multiple sites under evolutionary pressure, indicating ongoing adaptation of Vietnamese PCV2 strains. These findings enhance understanding of PCV2 dynamics in Vietnam and underscore the importance of continuous surveillance and adaptive management strategies in controlling PCV2-associated diseases in swine populations.

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越南猪圆环病毒 2 型的分子进化和基因型转变。

猪圆环病毒 2 型（PCV2）是全球养猪业的一种重要病原体，可导致猪圆环病毒相关疾病（PCVAD），造成重大经济损失。本研究调查了 2007 年至 2023 年越南 PCV2 的遗传多样性和进化动态。我们对 2022 年至 2023 年期间从越南各地猪场分离的 47 个 PCV2 基因组进行了测序和分析，结果显示 PCV2d（80.85%）占主导地位，其次是 PCV2b（19.15%）。系统发育分析确定了在越南流行的 PCV2 基因型 PCV2a、PCV2b、PCV2d、PCV2g 和 PCV2h，其中 PCV2d 是最流行的基因型。与历史数据相比，2014 年的基因型从 PCV2b 转向 PCV2d。有趣的是，PCV2h 基因型主要出现在 2008 年至 2012 年期间，但自 2014 年以来再未检测到。区域分析表明，越南北部和南部的 PCV2 流行模式各不相同。发现了囊膜蛋白中的氨基酸替代，主要是在对免疫识别至关重要的抗原区域。正选择分析确定了多个受到进化压力的位点，表明越南 PCV2 株系正在进行适应性调整。这些发现加深了人们对越南 PCV2 动态的了解，并强调了持续监测和适应性管理策略对控制猪群 PCV2 相关疾病的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Veterinary Research Communications 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

173

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Veterinary Research Communications publishes fully refereed research articles and topical reviews on all aspects of the veterinary sciences. Interdisciplinary articles are particularly encouraged, as are well argued reviews, even if they are somewhat controversial. The journal is an appropriate medium in which to publish new methods, newly described diseases and new pathological findings, as these are applied to animals. The material should be of international rather than local interest. As it deliberately seeks a wide coverage, Veterinary Research Communications provides its readers with a means of keeping abreast of current developments in the entire field of veterinary science.