Comparative assessment of the performance of a commercial fluorescent microsphere immunoassay and three commercial ELISAs for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae serum antibody detection
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Abstract
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is a significant porcine respiratory disease complex pathogen, prompting many swine farms and production systems to pursue M. hyopneumoniae elimination strategies. Antibody testing is cost-effective in demonstrating sustained freedom from M. hyopneumoniae, often replacing PCR testing on deep tracheal swabs. The process typically involves testing a subpopulation of the herd using an M. hyopneumoniae screening antibody ELISA, with non-negative results further assessed through confirmatory testing, such as PCR. Recently, a commercial (Biochek) fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) for detecting M. hyopneumoniae antibodies has been introduced as an alternative to ELISA. Its performance was compared to three commercial ELISAs (Idexx, Hipra, and Biochek) using experimental serum samples from pigs inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae, M. hyorhinis, M. hyosynoviae, M. flocculare, or mock-inoculated with Friis medium. FMIA consistently detected M. hyopneumoniae at earlier time points than the ELISAs, although two false-positive results were encountered using the manufacturer’s recommended cutoff. ROC analysis allowed for the evaluation of various cutoffs depending on testing objectives. Poisson regression of misclassification error counts detected no difference in the Biovet FMIA and Hipra ELISA but significantly fewer misclassification errors than Idexx and Biocheck ELISAs. This study showed FMIA as a suitable alternative to traditional ELISAs for screening purposes due to its superior antibody detection rate at early stages. Alternatively, adopting a more stringent cutoff to improve diagnostic specificity could position the FMIA as a viable confirmatory test option. Overall, FMIA is an optimal choice for M. hyopneumoniae antibody surveillance testing, offering versatility in testing strategies (e.g., triplex FMIA M. hyopneumoniae/PRRSV types 1 and 2) and contributing to improved diagnostic capabilities in porcine health management.
期刊介绍：
The journal reports basic, comparative and clinical immunology as they pertain to the animal species designated here: livestock, poultry, and fish species that are major food animals and companion animals such as cats, dogs, horses and camels, and wildlife species that act as reservoirs for food, companion or human infectious diseases, or as models for human disease.
Rodent models of infectious diseases that are of importance in the animal species indicated above,when the disease requires a level of containment that is not readily available for larger animal experimentation (ABSL3), will be considered. Papers on rabbits, lizards, guinea pigs, badgers, armadillos, elephants, antelope, and buffalo will be reviewed if the research advances our fundamental understanding of immunology, or if they act as a reservoir of infectious disease for the primary animal species designated above, or for humans. Manuscripts employing other species will be reviewed if justified as fitting into the categories above.
The following topics are appropriate: biology of cells and mechanisms of the immune system, immunochemistry, immunodeficiencies, immunodiagnosis, immunogenetics, immunopathology, immunology of infectious disease and tumors, immunoprophylaxis including vaccine development and delivery, immunological aspects of pregnancy including passive immunity, autoimmuity, neuroimmunology, and transplanatation immunology. Manuscripts that describe new genes and development of tools such as monoclonal antibodies are also of interest when part of a larger biological study. Studies employing extracts or constituents (plant extracts, feed additives or microbiome) must be sufficiently defined to be reproduced in other laboratories and also provide evidence for possible mechanisms and not simply show an effect on the immune system.
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