Acid leaching of vivianite separated from sewage sludge for recovering phosphorus and iron

IF 12.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122361

Yudong Zhao , Leon Korving , Outi Grönfors , Thomas Prot , Terhi Suopajärvi , Tero Luukkonen , Henrikki Liimatainen

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Abstract

This paper examines the acid leaching efficiencies of Fe and P from vivianite slurry (VS, Fe₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O), which is magnetically separated from anaerobic digested sludge, and elaborates on Fe and P reuse routes. The characteristics and dissolution behavior of raw VS in hydrochloric, sulfuric, phosphoric, oxalic, and citric acids are investigated. Results reveal that the primary impurities in VS are organic matter, other phosphate compounds, and Mg present in the vivianite crystal structure. Hydrochloric and sulfuric acids could effectively extract P (90%) from VS at an optimal hydrogen-to-phosphorus (H⁺/P) ratio of 2.5, compared with sewage sludge ash (SSA) that normally needs an H⁺/P ratio greater than 3. Hence, VS can be employed as an alternative P resource following a similar recovery route used with SSA. However, in comparison to SSA, VS use can decrease acid consumption in P extraction and the requirement for the extensive purification of cationic impurities. Furthermore, oxalic acid effectively facilitates the separation of P and Fe in VS by precipitating Fe as insoluble ferrous oxalate in acidic conditions, leading to a high Fe recovery rate of 95%. The recovery and reuse of Fe through the oxalic acid route further improves the feasibility of VS as an alternate resource.

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酸浸从污水污泥中分离出的维维安石以回收磷和铁

本文研究了从厌氧消化污泥中磁力分离出的维维安岩浆（VS，Fe(PO)-8HO）中铁和磷的酸浸出效率，并阐述了铁和磷的再利用途径。研究了生 VS 在盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、草酸和柠檬酸中的特性和溶解行为。结果表明，VS 中的主要杂质是有机物、其他磷酸盐化合物和维安石晶体结构中的镁。与通常需要 H⁺/P 比大于 3 的污水污泥灰（SSA）相比，盐酸和硫酸能以 2.5 的最佳氢磷（H⁺/P）比从 VS 中有效提取 P（90%）。不过，与 SSA 相比，使用 VS 可以减少萃取 P 时的酸消耗量以及对阳离子杂质进行大量净化的要求。此外，草酸可在酸性条件下将铁沉淀为不溶性草酸亚铁，从而有效促进 VS 中 P 和铁的分离，使铁的回收率高达 95%。通过草酸途径回收和再利用铁，进一步提高了将 VS 作为替代资源的可行性。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.