Comprehensive analysis of a CI engine fuelled with blends of diesel fuel/safflower seed oil biodiesel/ TiO2 or SiO2 nanoparticles produced by green synthesis technique

IF 6.9 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Process Safety and Environmental Protection Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1016/j.psep.2024.08.104

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It can be confidently stated that there is limited research on the usability of nanoparticles as alternative fuel additives for diesel fuel (DF), particularly those produced from organic substances through the green synthesis method. On this basis, the present research focused on the usability of the fuels formed by adding metal-based titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles produced through green synthesis technique at different ratios to safflower oil biodiesel and commercial DF blends considering the thermodynamic, economic, and environmental analyses. In this sense, performance and emission tests were carried out in a single-cylinder diesel engine at four ranging loads (25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) at a fixed speed of 1500 rpm. To conclude, the exergy efficiency enhanced as the load increased. Actually, for B10Si50 blend at 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % loads, the exergy efficiency was calculated to be 16.46 %, 19.48 %, 21.08 %, and 21.95 %, respectively. As the amount of biodiesel infused to DF increased, the cost of losses went up gradually. In this context, the cost of losses for DF was calculated as 2.099 USD/h at the maximum engine load, meanwhile the cost of losses for B10 and B20 was figured out to be 2.326 USD/h and 2.487 USD/h, respectively. At the peak load, the ratio of the power taken from the engine shaft to the cost achieved for DF was 129.76 USD/GJ, while it was found to be 151.55 USD/GJ for B20. In addition, it was determined as 191.21 USD/GJ for B20Si250 fuel and 197.97 USD/GJ for B20Ti250. As stated in the exergoenviroeconomic analysis findings, the cost of monthly CO₂ emissions ascended as the amount of nanoparticles augmented regardless of the type of fuel blends. At 75 % engine load, the cost of CO₂ emissions for B20Si50 fuel was notified as 43.89 USD/month whereas it was found to be 47.74 USD/month for B20Si250.

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对使用柴油/红花籽油生物柴油/TiO2 或 SiO2 纳米颗粒混合燃料（通过绿色合成技术生产）的 CI 发动机进行综合分析

可以肯定地说，关于纳米颗粒作为柴油燃料（DF）替代燃料添加剂的可用性研究很有限，特别是那些通过绿色合成方法从有机物中生产出来的纳米颗粒。在此基础上，考虑到热力学、经济和环境分析，本研究重点研究了在红花油生物柴油和商用 DF 混合物中以不同比例添加通过绿色合成技术生产的金属基二氧化钛（TiO）和二氧化硅（SiO）纳米粒子所形成的燃料的可用性。为此，在单缸柴油发动机中进行了性能和排放测试，测试条件为固定转速为 1500 rpm，四种不同负荷（25%、50%、75% 和 100%）。总之，放能效率随着负荷的增加而提高。实际上，在 25 %、50 %、75 % 和 100 % 的负荷下，计算得出的 B10Si50 混合燃料的能效分别为 16.46 %、19.48 %、21.08 % 和 21.95 %。随着注入 DF 的生物柴油量的增加，损耗成本也逐渐增加。在这种情况下，计算得出 DF 在发动机最大负荷时的损耗成本为 2.099 美元/小时，而 B10 和 B20 的损耗成本分别为 2.326 美元/小时和 2.487 美元/小时。在峰值负荷下，DF 从发动机轴获取的功率与成本的比率为 129.76 美元/GJ，而 B20 则为 151.55 美元/GJ。此外，B20Si250 燃料的比值为 191.21 美元/GJ，B20Ti250 燃料的比值为 197.97 美元/GJ。正如环境经济分析结果所述，无论混合燃料的类型如何，随着纳米颗粒数量的增加，每月 CO 排放的成本也在增加。在发动机负荷为 75% 时，B20Si50 燃料的二氧化碳排放成本为 43.89 美元/月，而 B20Si250 燃料的二氧化碳排放成本为 47.74 美元/月。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Process Safety and Environmental Protection 环境科学-工程：化工

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

929

审稿时长

8.0 months

期刊介绍： The Process Safety and Environmental Protection (PSEP) journal is a leading international publication that focuses on the publication of high-quality, original research papers in the field of engineering, specifically those related to the safety of industrial processes and environmental protection. The journal encourages submissions that present new developments in safety and environmental aspects, particularly those that show how research findings can be applied in process engineering design and practice. PSEP is particularly interested in research that brings fresh perspectives to established engineering principles, identifies unsolved problems, or suggests directions for future research. The journal also values contributions that push the boundaries of traditional engineering and welcomes multidisciplinary papers. PSEP's articles are abstracted and indexed by a range of databases and services, which helps to ensure that the journal's research is accessible and recognized in the academic and professional communities. These databases include ANTE, Chemical Abstracts, Chemical Hazards in Industry, Current Contents, Elsevier Engineering Information database, Pascal Francis, Web of Science, Scopus, Engineering Information Database EnCompass LIT (Elsevier), and INSPEC. This wide coverage facilitates the dissemination of the journal's content to a global audience interested in process safety and environmental engineering.