Significance of VLPs in Vlp-circRNA vaccines: a vaccine candidate or delivery vehicle?

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
RNA Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1080/15476286.2024.2399307
Reeshu Gupta, Kajal Arora, Nupur Mehrotra Arora, Prabuddha Kundu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop lacking 5' and 3' ends. These circRNAs are translatable and, therefore, have a potential in developing vaccine. CircRNA vaccines have been shown to be more stable, safe, easy to manufacture and scale-up production when compared to mRNA vaccines. However, these vaccines also suffer from several drawbacks such as low circularization efficiency for longer RNA precursor and usage of lipid nano particles (LNPs) in their delivery. LNPs have been shown to require large amounts of RNA due to their indirect delivery from endosome to cytosol. Besides, individual components of LNPs provide reactogenicity. Usage of virus like particles (VLPs) can improve the increased production and targeted delivery of circRNA vaccines and show no reactogenicity. Moreover, VLPs has also been used to produce vaccines against several diseases such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) etc. In this article, we will discuss about the methods used to enhance synthesis or circularization efficiency of circRNA. Moreover, we will also discuss about the significance of VLPs as the delivery vehicle for circRNA and their possible usage as the dual vaccine.

VLPs在Vlp-circRNA疫苗中的意义:候选疫苗还是输送载体?
环状 RNA(circRNA)是一类单链 RNA,具有一个缺少 5' 和 3' 末端的闭环。这些 circRNA 可翻译,因此具有开发疫苗的潜力。与 mRNA 疫苗相比,circRNA 疫苗更稳定、更安全、更易于制造和规模化生产。然而,这些疫苗也存在一些缺点,例如长 RNA 前体的环化效率较低,以及使用脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)进行递送。研究表明,LNPs 需要大量 RNA,因为它们是从内质体间接传递到细胞膜的。此外,LNPs 的单个成分会引起反应。使用类病毒颗粒(VLPs)可以提高 circRNA 疫苗的产量和定向递送能力,而且不会产生反应。此外,VLPs 还被用于生产丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)等多种疾病的疫苗。本文将讨论用于提高 circRNA 合成或环化效率的方法。此外,我们还将讨论 VLPs 作为 circRNA 运送载体的意义及其作为双重疫苗的可能用途。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
RNA Biology
RNA Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
82
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: RNA has played a central role in all cellular processes since the beginning of life: decoding the genome, regulating gene expression, mediating molecular interactions, catalyzing chemical reactions. RNA Biology, as a leading journal in the field, provides a platform for presenting and discussing cutting-edge RNA research. RNA Biology brings together a multidisciplinary community of scientists working in the areas of: Transcription and splicing Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression Non-coding RNAs RNA localization Translation and catalysis by RNA Structural biology Bioinformatics RNA in disease and therapy
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