Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines mediate the progression of severe anemia in malaria-infected children: A prospective study

IF 3.1 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI:10.1002/iid3.70013

Charles Nkansah, Felix Osei-Boakye, Gabriel Abbam, Samuel K. Appiah, Samira Daud, Bright Boakye, Samsiyatu Abdulai, Madina Ahmed, Theophilus B. Antwi, Birago Boateng, Miigbat P. Libatin, Alexander S. Mensah, Mary K. Missah, Richard V. Duneeh, Ashiya Haruna, Stephany Adda, Pagnaa G. Abdul-Rauf, Zacharia A. Ofori, George B. Fosu, Sandra Segnitome, Isaac Adjei, Emmanuel Appiah-Kubi, Moses Banyeh, Charles A. Derigubah, Muniru M. Tanko, Ejike F. Chukwurah

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Severe Plasmodium falciparum malarial anemia is still the principal cause of death in children in underdeveloped countries. An imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is associated with malaria progression. This study evaluated circulating levels of selected inflammatory cytokines among malaria-infected children in Ghana.

Methods

This case-control study was conducted at Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana. One hundred and twenty children with malaria and 60 controls, aged 12−144 months were selected from April to July, 2023 for the study. Malaria was diagnosed through microscopy, full blood count was measured using hematology analyzer, and cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

Malaria-infected children had higher tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (p < .001), interferon-gamma (IFN-ɣ) (p < .001), interleukin (IL)-1β (p < .001), IL-6 (p < .001), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (p < .001), and IL-10 (p < .001) levels than controls. Participants with high parasitemia had raised TNF-α (p < .001), IFN-ɣ (p < .001), IL-1β (p < .001), IL-6 (p < .001), GM-CSF (p < .001), and IL-10 (p < .001), but reduced IL-3 (p < .001) and TGF-β (p < .001) than those with low parasitemia. Severe malarial anemic children had elevated TNF-α (p < .001), IFN-ɣ (p < .001), IL-1β (p < .001), IL-6 (p < .001), GM-CSF (p < .001), and IL-10 (p < .001), but lower IL-3 (p < .001) and TGF-β (p < .001) than those with uncomplicated malaria.

Conclusion

Parasite density was the principal predictor of the cytokine levels, as parasitemia positively associated with IL-10, GM-CSF, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-ɣ, and TNF-α, but negatively associated with IL-3 and TGF-β. Malaria is associated with enhanced secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in Ghanaian children. Inflammatory cytokines may be involved in the development of severe malarial anemia in children. However, IL-3 and TGF-β may offer protection against severe malarial anemia.

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促炎和抗炎细胞因子介导疟疾感染儿童重度贫血的发展：前瞻性研究

背景：严重的恶性疟原虫疟疾性贫血仍然是不发达国家儿童死亡的主要原因。促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子之间的失衡与疟疾的发展有关。本研究评估了加纳受疟疾感染的儿童体内某些炎症细胞因子的循环水平：这项病例对照研究在加纳塔马利教学医院进行。研究从 2023 年 4 月到 7 月选取了 120 名感染疟疾的儿童和 60 名对照组儿童，他们的年龄在 12 到 144 个月之间。疟疾通过显微镜进行诊断，全血细胞计数通过血液分析仪进行测量，细胞因子通过酶联免疫吸附试验进行测量：结果：感染疟疾的儿童肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）较高（p 结论：寄生虫密度是预测疟疾的主要因素：寄生虫密度是细胞因子水平的主要预测因素，因为寄生虫血症与 IL-10、GM-CSF、IL-6、IL-1β、IFN-ɣ 和 TNF-α 呈正相关，但与 IL-3 和 TGF-β 呈负相关。疟疾与加纳儿童促炎和抗炎细胞因子的分泌增加有关。炎症细胞因子可能与儿童严重疟疾性贫血的发生有关。不过，IL-3 和 TGF-β 可为预防严重疟疾性贫血提供保护。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Medicine-Immunology and Allergy

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

146

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Immunity, Inflammation and Disease is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research across the broad field of immunology. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease gives rapid consideration to papers in all areas of clinical and basic research. The journal is indexed in Medline and the Science Citation Index Expanded (part of Web of Science), among others. It welcomes original work that enhances the understanding of immunology in areas including: • cellular and molecular immunology • clinical immunology • allergy • immunochemistry • immunogenetics • immune signalling • immune development • imaging • mathematical modelling • autoimmunity • transplantation immunology • cancer immunology