In vivo overexpression of the avian interleukin-17 in a necrotic enteritis disease model modulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides in the small intestine of broilers
{"title":"In vivo overexpression of the avian interleukin-17 in a necrotic enteritis disease model modulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides in the small intestine of broilers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156749","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In humans and mice, the induction of interleukin (IL)-17 expression enhances epithelial barrier integrity through the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMP), thereby improving antibacterial defense. However, it is unclear whether IL-17 has similar antibacterial effects in chickens by modulating the expression of AMPs, such as avian beta-defensins (also known as gallinacins) and cathelicidins. This study evaluated the in vivo effects of inoculating 20-day-old broiler chickens with two doses of a plasmid encoding chicken IL-17 (pCDNA3.1/rchIL-17-V5-HIS TOPO plasmid [pCDNA3.1-IL-17]; 5 or 10 μg/bird). On day 23 of age, all broilers, except those in the negative control group, were orally challenged with a virulent <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> strain for three days. To investigate IL-17-mediated effects against <em>C. perfringens</em> infection, the expression of avian beta-defensin 1 (avBD1), avBD2, avBD4, avBD6, cathelicidins, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes were quantified, and gross necrotic enteritis (NE) lesion scores were assessed in the small intestine. The results showed that broilers receiving the higher dose of pCDNA3.1-IL-17 (10 μg) had significantly lower NE lesion scores compared to those receiving the lower dose (5 μg), the vector control, and the positive control groups. Furthermore, the expression of all avian beta-defensins and cathelicidin genes was detectable across all groups, regardless of treatment and time points. IL-17 treatment led to significantly higher expression of avBD1, avBD2, avBD4, avBD6, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to control chickens. In <em>C. perfringens</em>-infected chickens, the expression of avBD1, avBD2, avBD4, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the ileum was significantly higher than in control chickens. Pre-treatment with the higher dose of pCDNA3.1-IL-17 (10 μg) in infected chickens was associated with reduced NE lesion severity and increased expression of avBD1, avBD2, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the ileum, but not avBD4 and avBD6. These findings provide new insights into the potential effect of IL-17 and reduction in NE lesion severity by modulating AMP expression which may be involved in mediating protective immunity against intestinal infection with <em>C. perfringens</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":297,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043466624002527/pdfft?md5=66c2a5873627ffcee092ea240e6f0d54&pid=1-s2.0-S1043466624002527-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cytokine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043466624002527","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In humans and mice, the induction of interleukin (IL)-17 expression enhances epithelial barrier integrity through the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMP), thereby improving antibacterial defense. However, it is unclear whether IL-17 has similar antibacterial effects in chickens by modulating the expression of AMPs, such as avian beta-defensins (also known as gallinacins) and cathelicidins. This study evaluated the in vivo effects of inoculating 20-day-old broiler chickens with two doses of a plasmid encoding chicken IL-17 (pCDNA3.1/rchIL-17-V5-HIS TOPO plasmid [pCDNA3.1-IL-17]; 5 or 10 μg/bird). On day 23 of age, all broilers, except those in the negative control group, were orally challenged with a virulent Clostridium perfringens strain for three days. To investigate IL-17-mediated effects against C. perfringens infection, the expression of avian beta-defensin 1 (avBD1), avBD2, avBD4, avBD6, cathelicidins, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes were quantified, and gross necrotic enteritis (NE) lesion scores were assessed in the small intestine. The results showed that broilers receiving the higher dose of pCDNA3.1-IL-17 (10 μg) had significantly lower NE lesion scores compared to those receiving the lower dose (5 μg), the vector control, and the positive control groups. Furthermore, the expression of all avian beta-defensins and cathelicidin genes was detectable across all groups, regardless of treatment and time points. IL-17 treatment led to significantly higher expression of avBD1, avBD2, avBD4, avBD6, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to control chickens. In C. perfringens-infected chickens, the expression of avBD1, avBD2, avBD4, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the ileum was significantly higher than in control chickens. Pre-treatment with the higher dose of pCDNA3.1-IL-17 (10 μg) in infected chickens was associated with reduced NE lesion severity and increased expression of avBD1, avBD2, cathelicidin, and iNOS in the ileum, but not avBD4 and avBD6. These findings provide new insights into the potential effect of IL-17 and reduction in NE lesion severity by modulating AMP expression which may be involved in mediating protective immunity against intestinal infection with C. perfringens.
期刊介绍:
The journal Cytokine has an open access mirror journal Cytokine: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review.
* Devoted exclusively to the study of the molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, immunology, genome-wide association studies, pathobiology, diagnostic and clinical applications of all known interleukins, hematopoietic factors, growth factors, cytotoxins, interferons, new cytokines, and chemokines, Cytokine provides comprehensive coverage of cytokines and their mechanisms of actions, 12 times a year by publishing original high quality refereed scientific papers from prominent investigators in both the academic and industrial sectors.
We will publish 3 major types of manuscripts:
1) Original manuscripts describing research results.
2) Basic and clinical reviews describing cytokine actions and regulation.
3) Short commentaries/perspectives on recently published aspects of cytokines, pathogenesis and clinical results.