The influence of morphology and the loading-unloading process on discontinuity stress states observed via photoelastic technique and its inspiration to induced seismicity

IF 7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL
Dapeng Wang , Jianchun Li , Chunjiang Zou , Zhijie Wang , Jian Zhao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Stress change in rock mass caused by human activities has the potential to cause the sliding and destruction of faults and joints, resulting in induced seismicity. Laboratory experiments are conducted on a simulated fault with various teeth numbers and undulation angles to uncover the mechanism of stress change-induced seismicity. The potential risk of induced seismicity is explained using three methods: the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, localization of stress concentration regions, and visualization of maximum shear stress reduction through photoelasticity. Experimental results indicate that the friction coefficient increases with the undulation angle, and the form of stress change has an unignorable impact on frictional instability. The friction coefficient in the vertical unloading process is slightly lower than that in the loading process and larger than that in the shear unloading process. Loading is the stress change caused by shear displacement under constant normal stiffness conditions and unloading is the process of reducing the stress by controlling the position of the boundary constraints in the corresponding direction. Meanwhile, unloading in the shear direction has both seismic and aseismic features. Although the rapid drop of shear stress at the onset of shear unloading may induce fault instability, the reduction of normal stress and the restoration of displacement prove that unloading in the shear direction may also reduce the risk of fault failure in the subsequent process. In addition, the stress concentration region is mainly distributed perpendicular to the contact surface rather than the entire fault. This research is conducive to promoting the application of photoelasticity in studying induced seismicity and provides a practical method for calculating the energy released during such events. Based on the morphological characteristics and stress states of fault surfaces, the findings can be utilized in engineering practice to assess the risk of induced seismicity under different stress change conditions.

形态和加载-卸载过程对光弹性技术观测到的不连续应力状态的影响及其对诱发地震的启示
人类活动引起的岩体应力变化有可能导致断层和节理的滑动和破坏,从而引起诱发地震。在不同齿数和起伏角度的模拟断层上进行了实验室实验,以揭示应力变化诱发地震的机理。通过三种方法解释了诱发地震的潜在风险:莫尔-库仑破坏准则、应力集中区定位以及通过光弹性最大剪应力减小的可视化。实验结果表明,摩擦系数随起伏角度的增大而增大,应力变化的形式对摩擦不稳定性有不可忽视的影响。垂直卸载过程中的摩擦系数略低于加载过程,而大于剪切卸载过程。加载是在法向刚度不变的条件下剪切位移引起的应力变化,而卸载则是通过控制边界约束在相应方向上的位置来减小应力的过程。同时,剪切方向的卸载具有地震和非地震两种特征。虽然剪切方向卸载开始时剪应力急剧下降,可能会引起断层失稳,但法向应力的减小和位移的恢复证明,剪切方向卸载也可在后续过程中降低断层破坏的风险。此外,应力集中区主要分布在垂直于接触面的区域,而不是整个断层。该研究有利于促进光弹性在诱发地震研究中的应用,并为计算此类事件中释放的能量提供了实用方法。根据断层表面的形态特征和应力状态,研究结果可用于工程实践,评估不同应力变化条件下的诱发地震风险。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.00
自引率
5.60%
发文量
196
审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences focuses on original research, new developments, site measurements, and case studies within the fields of rock mechanics and rock engineering. Serving as an international platform, it showcases high-quality papers addressing rock mechanics and the application of its principles and techniques in mining and civil engineering projects situated on or within rock masses. These projects encompass a wide range, including slopes, open-pit mines, quarries, shafts, tunnels, caverns, underground mines, metro systems, dams, hydro-electric stations, geothermal energy, petroleum engineering, and radioactive waste disposal. The journal welcomes submissions on various topics, with particular interest in theoretical advancements, analytical and numerical methods, rock testing, site investigation, and case studies.
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