Shift of microbial taxa and metabolisms relying on carbon sources of rhizodeposits and straw of Zea mays L

IF 9.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE
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Abstract

Decoding the fundamental taxa that decompose crop rhizodeposits (rhizo-C) and/or straw residue (straw-C) is crucial for understanding the role of plant-derived carbon (C) in driving microbial community assembly and consequent C decomposition. Here, a parallel 13C-labeling design, DNA-SIP, and metagenomics techniques were combined to separate maize rhizo-C utilizers from straw-C utilizers in agriculture soils containing both C sources. Also, by comparing bacterial utilizers and their C metabolisms in soils amended with a single C source (e.g., straw-13C only) and two C sources (e.g., straw-13C and rhizo-12C), we investigated the shift of composition and metabolisms of soil bacterial utilizers responding to C sources shift (e.g., compositional and metabolic changes of straw-13C utilizers from soil containing straw-13C to soil containing both straw-13C and rhizo-12C). We revealed i) Proteobacteria predominantly utilized rhizo-13C, while Firmicutes dominated the community specializing in straw-13C decomposition in soil containing both straw-C and rhizo-C; ii) the planted maize (i.e. rhizo-C input) changed community composition and metabolisms of straw-C utilizers, which shifted from K-strategists characterized by an enrichment of lignin-degrading genes to r-strategists which exhibited an enrichment of genes related to polysaccharide degradation. This metabolic shift of straw-C utilizer ultimately reduced straw-13C mineralization by 25.6% when maize was planted. This study identified the distinct utilizers of rhizo-C and straw-C in soils containing both C sources, and shed light on the shift of bacterial community and their metabolic activities responding to the changes of maize-derived C sources.

依赖玉米根茎残渣和秸秆碳源的微生物类群和代谢的转移
解码分解作物根茎残留物(根茎-C)和/或秸秆残留物(秸秆-C)的基本类群对于了解植物源碳(C)在推动微生物群落组装和随后的碳分解中的作用至关重要。在本文中,研究人员将 13C 标记设计、DNA-SIP 和元基因组学技术相结合,在含有这两种碳源的农业土壤中分离出玉米根茎碳利用者和秸秆碳利用者。同时,通过比较单一 C 源(如仅秸秆-13C)和两种 C 源(如秸秆-13C 和根瘤-12C)土壤中的细菌利用者及其 C 代谢情况,我们研究了土壤细菌利用者的组成和代谢随 C 源转变的变化(如从含秸秆-13C 的土壤到含秸秆-13C 和根瘤-12C 的土壤,秸秆-13C 利用者的组成和代谢变化)。我们发现 i) 蛋白质细菌主要利用根瘤-13C,而在含有秸秆-C 和根瘤-C 的土壤中,专门从事秸秆-13C 分解的固氮菌群落占主导地位;ii) 种植的玉米(即根瘤-C 输入)改变了秸秆-C 利用者的群落组成和代谢,它们从以富含木质素降解基因为特征的 K 型战略家转变为富含多糖降解相关基因的 r 型战略家。在种植玉米时,秸秆-C 利用者的这种代谢转变最终使秸秆-13C 矿化度降低了 25.6%。这项研究确定了含有这两种碳源的土壤中根瘤-碳和秸秆-碳的不同利用者,并揭示了细菌群落及其代谢活动随玉米衍生碳源变化而发生的转变。
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来源期刊
Soil Biology & Biochemistry
Soil Biology & Biochemistry 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
16.90
自引率
9.30%
发文量
312
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Soil Biology & Biochemistry publishes original research articles of international significance focusing on biological processes in soil and their applications to soil and environmental quality. Major topics include the ecology and biochemical processes of soil organisms, their effects on the environment, and interactions with plants. The journal also welcomes state-of-the-art reviews and discussions on contemporary research in soil biology and biochemistry.
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