Short-term heart rate variability: A potential approach to frailty assessment in older adults

IF 2.2 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Aging Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI:10.1002/agm2.12353

Gevesh Chand Dewangan, Sunny Singhal, Dinu S. Chandran, Maroof Ahmad Khan, Aparajit Ballav Dey, Avinash Chakrawarty

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation using short-term heart rate variability (HRV) and compare it among frailty statuses in older Indian adults.

Methods

A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail (n = 70), pre-frail (n = 70), and non-frail (n = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria. HRV was derived from a 5-min ECG recording of standard limb leads and assessed using time domain, frequency domain, and nonlinear analysis of cardiac interval variability.

Results

The HRV parameters indicative of parasympathetic modulation such as SDNN, SDSD, rMSSD, NN50, pNN50, absolute HF power, and SD1 were significantly lower in frail subjects compared with both pre-frail and non-frail subjects (P < 0.05). Absolute LF power and SD2 were also lower in frail subjects compared with pre-frail and non-frail subjects (P < 0.05). Measures of sympatho-vagal balance (LF/HF and SD1/SD2 ratios) did not show statistical significance. The FI demonstrated negative correlations with all HRV parameters.

Conclusions

Frail individuals exhibit decreased sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation compared with pre-frail and non-frail individuals, although maintaining a balanced sympatho-vagal state. Furthermore, autonomic modulation declines progressively with increasing frailty.

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短期心率变异性：评估老年人虚弱程度的潜在方法

目的本研究旨在利用短期心率变异性（HRV）评估心脏自律神经调节，并比较印度老年人不同虚弱状态下的心率变异性。方法从印度一家三级医院的老年医学门诊部招募了 210 名 60 岁及以上的受试者，分为三组：虚弱组（70 人）、前期虚弱组（70 人）和非虚弱组（70 人）。虚弱状态采用洛克伍德虚弱指数（FI）标准进行评估。心率变异来自标准肢导联的 5 分钟心电图记录，并使用时域、频域和心间期变异非线性分析进行评估。结果与虚弱前和非虚弱受试者相比，虚弱受试者的副交感神经调节心率变异参数，如 SDNN、SDSD、rMSSD、NN50、pNN50、绝对高频功率和 SD1 均显著降低（P <0.05）。体弱者的绝对低频功率和 SD2 也低于体弱前和非体弱者（P < 0.05）。交感-迷走平衡的测量（LF/HF 和 SD1/SD2 比值）未显示出统计学意义。FI 与所有心率变异参数呈负相关。结论与衰老前和非衰老者相比，衰老者的交感神经和副交感神经调节能力下降，但仍能保持交感-迷走平衡状态。此外，自律神经调节随着体弱程度的增加而逐渐减弱。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aging Medicine Medicine-Geriatrics and Gerontology

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量