Object permanence in rooks (Corvus frugilegus): Individual differences and behavioral considerations.

IF 1.9 4区 心理学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Francesca M Cornero, Nicola S Clayton
{"title":"Object permanence in rooks (Corvus frugilegus): Individual differences and behavioral considerations.","authors":"Francesca M Cornero, Nicola S Clayton","doi":"10.3758/s13420-024-00637-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Piagetian object permanence (OP) refers to the ability to know that an object continues to exist when out of sight: In humans, it develops in six stages. Species of great apes, other mammals, and birds (parrots, corvids, and pigeons) have been shown to possess partial or full OP, which is a prerequisite for more complex physical cognition abilities they may possess. In birds, the greatest variation is in Stage 6 (invisible displacements) and in \"A-not-B\" errors-incorrectly persevering in searching an empty location rewarded previously. Caching abilities have been invoked as holding explanatory power over results in corvids, for which this error is sometimes completely absent. The rook (Corvus frugilegus), a cognitively advanced, social, caching corvid, has not yet been studied for OP. This study applies tasks of one OP scale commonly adapted for nonhuman animals, Uzgiris and Hunt's Scale 1, as well as later-conceived tasks 16 and S, to a sample of adult, captive rooks. One rook demonstrated full OP (Stage 6b, multiple invisible displacements), whereas other individuals varied, attaining between Stages 5a (single visible displacements) and 6a (single invisible displacements). Like some corvids, a few made transient \"A-not-B\" errors. Behavioral considerations potentially underlying observed individual variation in results in rooks, including dominance, neophobia, past experiences, and individual idiosyncrasies, are examined. Rooks, like other corvids, possess well-developed OP abilities, and these results support the idea that exertion of executive control is required to avoid \"A-not-B\" errors, rather than caching abilities or developmental age, as previously suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":49914,"journal":{"name":"Learning & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Learning & Behavior","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13420-024-00637-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Piagetian object permanence (OP) refers to the ability to know that an object continues to exist when out of sight: In humans, it develops in six stages. Species of great apes, other mammals, and birds (parrots, corvids, and pigeons) have been shown to possess partial or full OP, which is a prerequisite for more complex physical cognition abilities they may possess. In birds, the greatest variation is in Stage 6 (invisible displacements) and in "A-not-B" errors-incorrectly persevering in searching an empty location rewarded previously. Caching abilities have been invoked as holding explanatory power over results in corvids, for which this error is sometimes completely absent. The rook (Corvus frugilegus), a cognitively advanced, social, caching corvid, has not yet been studied for OP. This study applies tasks of one OP scale commonly adapted for nonhuman animals, Uzgiris and Hunt's Scale 1, as well as later-conceived tasks 16 and S, to a sample of adult, captive rooks. One rook demonstrated full OP (Stage 6b, multiple invisible displacements), whereas other individuals varied, attaining between Stages 5a (single visible displacements) and 6a (single invisible displacements). Like some corvids, a few made transient "A-not-B" errors. Behavioral considerations potentially underlying observed individual variation in results in rooks, including dominance, neophobia, past experiences, and individual idiosyncrasies, are examined. Rooks, like other corvids, possess well-developed OP abilities, and these results support the idea that exertion of executive control is required to avoid "A-not-B" errors, rather than caching abilities or developmental age, as previously suggested.

Abstract Image

乌鸦(Corvus frugilegus)的物体持久性:个体差异与行为考虑。
皮亚杰的客体永存(OP)指的是知道一个客体在离开视线后仍然存在的能力:在人类中,客体永存的发展分为六个阶段。类人猿、其他哺乳动物和鸟类(鹦鹉、鸦片鸟和鸽子)已被证明拥有部分或完全的客体永存能力,这是它们可能拥有的更复杂的物理认知能力的先决条件。在鸟类中,差异最大的是第六阶段(隐形位移)和 "A-not-B "错误--即错误地坚持搜索之前获得奖励的空位置。在鸦科动物身上,这种错误有时完全不存在。大鹏鸟(Corvus frugilegus)是一种认知能力较强、社会性较强的缓存鸦科鸟类,但目前尚未对其进行OP研究。本研究将通常适用于非人类动物的 OP 量表任务,即 Uzgiris 和 Hunt 的量表 1,以及后来构想的任务 16 和 S,应用于圈养的成年大鹏鸟样本。一只雏鸟表现出了完全的 OP(阶段 6b,多重不可见位移),而其他个体则表现各异,达到了阶段 5a(单个可见位移)和阶段 6a(单个不可见位移)之间。与某些鸟类一样,少数个体也会出现 "A-not-B "的短暂错误。本文研究了观察到的大鹏鸟个体差异的潜在行为因素,包括优势、恐新症、过去的经验和个体特异性。大鹏鸟和其他鸦科动物一样,拥有发达的OP能力,这些结果支持了这样一种观点,即避免 "A-not-B "错误需要执行控制,而不是以前认为的缓存能力或发育年龄。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Learning & Behavior
Learning & Behavior 医学-动物学
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
5.60%
发文量
50
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Learning & Behavior publishes experimental and theoretical contributions and critical reviews concerning fundamental processes of learning and behavior in nonhuman and human animals. Topics covered include sensation, perception, conditioning, learning, attention, memory, motivation, emotion, development, social behavior, and comparative investigations.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信