Mycoplasma hominis as Cause of Extragenital Infection in Patients with Hypogammaglobulinemia: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review.

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Infectious Diseases and Therapy Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1007/s40121-024-01035-9
Chiara Russo, Malgorzata Mikulska, Emanuele Delfino, Federica Toscanini, Laura Mezzogori, Riccardo Schiavoni, Claudia Bartalucci, Emanuele Angelucci, Giulia Bartalucci, Massimiliano Gambella, Anna Maria Raiola, Paola Morici, Francesca Crea, Silvia Chiola, Silvia Daniela Morbelli, Anna Marchese, Matteo Bassetti
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Abstract

Mycoplasma hominis can be a part of human urogenital tract microbiome, and it is a frequent cause of urogenital infections. In rare cases, it can also cause extragenital infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. In this case series, we report two cases and provide a literature review of extragenital infections caused by M. hominis in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. Patient 1 was a 61-year-old woman with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who, after rituximab-containing chemotherapy and CAR-T therapy, developed M. hominis spondylodiscitis. Patient 2 was a 50-year-old woman with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia who developed disseminated M. hominis infection involving pleura, muscles, and right ankle. Antibiotic therapy with levofloxacin and doxycycline for 10 weeks in patient 1 and with levofloxacin alone for 6 weeks in patient 2 led to infection resolution. The literature review identified 14 additional cases reporting M. hominis extragenital infection in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. M. hominis should also be suspected as an etiological agent of extragenital infection in patients with B-cell immunodeficiency with a clinical picture of persistent, standard-culture negative infection, particularly with arthritis or abscess formation. Even if M. hominis can grow on standard bacterial medium, in suspected cases molecular methods should be promptly used for correct diagnostic work-up and successful therapy.

Abstract Image

人型支原体是低丙种球蛋白血症患者生殖器外感染的病因:2例病例报告及文献综述。
人型支原体是人类泌尿生殖道微生物群的一部分,也是泌尿生殖道感染的常见病因。在极少数情况下,它也可引起生殖器外感染,尤其是在免疫力低下的患者中。在本系列病例中,我们报告了两例由人乳头瘤病毒引起的低丙种球蛋白血症患者生殖器外感染的病例,并对相关文献进行了综述。患者 1 是一名患有弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤的 61 岁女性,在接受了含利妥昔单抗的化疗和 CAR-T 疗法后,患上了人疟原虫脊柱盘炎。患者2是一名患有先天性低丙种球蛋白血症的50岁女性,她的胸膜、肌肉和右脚踝受到了播散性人乳头瘤病毒感染。患者1使用左氧氟沙星和多西环素抗生素治疗10周,患者2仅使用左氧氟沙星治疗6周后,感染得到缓解。文献综述还发现了 14 例报告低丙种球蛋白血症患者感染人疟原虫生殖器外感染的病例。对于临床表现为持续性、标准培养阴性感染,尤其是伴有关节炎或脓肿形成的 B 细胞免疫缺陷患者,也应怀疑人疟原虫是生殖器外感染的病原体。即使人疟原虫能在标准细菌培养基上生长,在疑似病例中也应及时使用分子方法进行正确诊断和成功治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Infectious Diseases and Therapy
Infectious Diseases and Therapy Medicine-Microbiology (medical)
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
1.90%
发文量
136
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Infectious Diseases and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of infectious disease therapies and interventions, including vaccines and devices. Studies relating to diagnostic products and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged. Areas of focus include, but are not limited to, bacterial and fungal infections, viral infections (including HIV/AIDS and hepatitis), parasitological diseases, tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, vaccinations and other interventions, and drug-resistance, chronic infections, epidemiology and tropical, emergent, pediatric, dermal and sexually-transmitted diseases.
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