Age and visual cortex inhibition: a TMS-MRS study.

IF 2.9 2区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Molly Simmonite, Dalia Khammash, Katherine J Michon, Abbey Hamlin, Stephan F Taylor, Michael Vesia, Thad A Polk
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation is a valuable tool for investigating inhibitory mechanisms in motor cortex. We recently demonstrated its use in measuring cortical inhibition in visual cortex, using an approach in which participants trace the size of phosphenes elicited by stimulation to occipital cortex. Here, we investigate age-related differences in primary visual cortical inhibition and the relationship between primary visual cortical inhibition and local GABA+ in the same region, estimated using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. GABA+ was estimated in 28 young (18 to 28 years) and 47 older adults (65 to 84 years); a subset (19 young, 18 older) also completed a paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation session, which assessed visual cortical inhibition. The paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation measure of inhibition was significantly lower in older adults. Uncorrected GABA+ in primary visual cortex was also significantly lower in older adults, while measures of GABA+ that were corrected for the tissue composition of the magnetic resonance spectroscopy voxel were unchanged with age. Furthermore, paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation-measured inhibition and magnetic resonance spectroscopy-measured tissue-corrected GABA+ were significantly positively correlated. These findings are consistent with an age-related decline in cortical inhibition in visual cortex and suggest paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation effects in visual cortex are driven by GABAergic mechanisms, as has been demonstrated in motor cortex.

年龄与视觉皮层抑制:TMS-MRS 研究。
成对脉冲经颅磁刺激是研究运动皮层抑制机制的重要工具。我们最近证明了它在测量视觉皮层抑制方面的应用,我们采用的方法是让参与者追踪刺激枕叶皮层所引起的幻视的大小。在这里,我们研究了初级视觉皮层抑制与年龄有关的差异,以及初级视觉皮层抑制与同一区域局部 GABA+ 之间的关系,并使用磁共振光谱进行了估算。对 28 名年轻人(18 至 28 岁)和 47 名老年人(65 至 84 岁)的 GABA+ 进行了估算;其中一部分人(19 名年轻人和 18 名老年人)还完成了一次成对脉冲经颅磁刺激,以评估视觉皮层的抑制作用。成对脉冲经颅磁刺激对抑制作用的测量结果显示,老年人的抑制作用明显较低。老年人初级视觉皮层中未经校正的 GABA+ 也明显较低,而根据磁共振光谱体素的组织成分校正的 GABA+ 测量值则与年龄无关。此外,成对脉冲经颅磁刺激测量的抑制和磁共振波谱测量的组织校正 GABA+ 呈显著正相关。这些发现与视觉皮层中与年龄相关的皮层抑制下降相一致,并表明视觉皮层中的成对脉冲经颅磁刺激效应是由 GABA 能机制驱动的,运动皮层中的情况也是如此。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Cerebral cortex
Cerebral cortex 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
8.10%
发文量
510
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Cerebral Cortex publishes papers on the development, organization, plasticity, and function of the cerebral cortex, including the hippocampus. Studies with clear relevance to the cerebral cortex, such as the thalamocortical relationship or cortico-subcortical interactions, are also included. The journal is multidisciplinary and covers the large variety of modern neurobiological and neuropsychological techniques, including anatomy, biochemistry, molecular neurobiology, electrophysiology, behavior, artificial intelligence, and theoretical modeling. In addition to research articles, special features such as brief reviews, book reviews, and commentaries are included.
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