Is emotion perception altered by gaze direction, gender appearance, and gender identity of the perceived face?

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Emotion Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1037/emo0001406

Robrecht P R D van der Wel, Yana Prodanova, Jason Snyder, Timothy N Welsh, Anne Böckler

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to examine how gaze and emotion processing may change due to differences in gender appearance and gender identity of the perceived face. We manipulated gender appearance (male or female), gender identity (cisgender or transgender), gaze direction (direct or averted), and expressed emotions (anger, fear, or neutral) of face models in an emotion rating task. We replicate several previous findings, including a direct gaze advantage, an emotion effect, and an interaction between gaze direction and expressed emotion. In line with previous findings on the influence of facial morphology for face processing, we found that male faces were more quickly and intensely perceived for displays of anger, while female faces were more quickly and intensely perceived for displays of fear. Of key interest, gender identity influenced face perception for different emotion expressions and gaze directions for ratings and reaction times in a variety of ways. For example, transgender male faces were seen as angrier and less fearful than cisgender male faces, while the opposite effect occurred for female faces. These results suggest that face perception is systematically shaped by morphological differences as well as more abstract social constructs related to gender identity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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情绪感知是否会因注视方向、性别外观和所感知人脸的性别特征而改变？

本研究旨在探讨凝视和情绪处理会如何因所感知人脸的性别外观和性别认同的不同而发生变化。我们在情绪评级任务中操纵了人脸模型的性别外观（男性或女性）、性别身份（顺性别或跨性别）、注视方向（直视或背视）和表达的情绪（愤怒、恐惧或中性）。我们重复了之前的一些发现，包括直接注视优势、情绪效应以及注视方向与表达情绪之间的交互作用。与之前关于面部形态对人脸加工影响的研究结果一致，我们发现男性人脸对愤怒表现的感知更快、更强烈，而女性人脸对恐惧表现的感知更快、更强烈。最令人感兴趣的是，性别认同以多种方式影响着对不同情绪表达的人脸感知以及对评分和反应时间的注视方向。例如，变性男性面孔比同性男性面孔更愤怒、更不恐惧，而女性面孔则相反。这些结果表明，人脸感知受到形态差异以及与性别认同相关的更抽象的社会建构的系统性影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有）。

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来源期刊

Emotion PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

7.10%

发文量

325

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Emotion publishes significant contributions to the study of emotion from a wide range of theoretical traditions and research domains. The journal includes articles that advance knowledge and theory about all aspects of emotional processes, including reports of substantial empirical studies, scholarly reviews, and major theoretical articles. Submissions from all domains of emotion research are encouraged, including studies focusing on cultural, social, temperament and personality, cognitive, developmental, health, or biological variables that affect or are affected by emotional functioning. Both laboratory and field studies are appropriate for the journal, as are neuroimaging studies of emotional processes.