Effect of a carbohydrate-restricted diet on weight loss in overweight and obese pediatric population: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1186/s13098-024-01458-x

Pejman Rohani, Zahra Rasoulizadeh, Sogand Tavakoli, Hosein Alimadadi, Koroush Vahidshahi, Somaye Fatahi, Mohammad Hassan Sohouli, Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: There are conflicting findings regarding the effect of low-carbohydrate diets on obesity-related factors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a carbohydrate-restricted (CR) diet on changes in anthropometric indicators of adiposity and fat distribution in pediatrics populations.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases using predefined keywords to identify all randomized controlled trials examining the effects of CR on obesity-related factors. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results: Findings from 11 studies demonstrated significant reductions in weight (WMD: -2.31 kg; 95% CI: -4.44, -0.18), BMI (WMD:-1.08 kg/m²; 95% CI: -1.91, -0.26), and fat mass (WMD: -1.43%; 95% CI: -2.43 to -0.43) as well as a significant increase in adiponectin levels (WMD: 0.74 ng/ml; 95% CI: 0.02, 1.47) in the CR diet group compared to the control group. However, no significant effect was observed on BMI z-score (WMD:-0.10; 95% CI: -0.21, 0.01), waist circumference (WMD:-3.03 cm; 95% CI: -6.57, 0.51) or leptin levels (WMD: -0.82 ng/ml; 95% CI: -2.26, 0.61). Stratified analysis rrevealed a greater effect of CR on weight and BMI reduction in interventions ≤ 12 weeks and in very low-carbohydrate diets.

Conclusions: In conclusion, it appears that CR diet, along with other lifestyle factors, can lead to significant improvements in weight loss on pediatrics with obesity/overweight.

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限制碳水化合物的饮食对超重和肥胖儿童减肥的影响：随机对照试验的荟萃分析。

背景：关于低碳水化合物饮食对肥胖相关因素的影响，目前的研究结果相互矛盾。本研究旨在调查限制碳水化合物（CR）饮食对儿科人群脂肪和脂肪分布的人体测量指标变化的影响：方法：使用预定义关键词在 PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Embase 电子数据库中进行了系统检索，以确定所有研究碳水化合物限制饮食对肥胖相关因素影响的随机对照试验。采用随机效应模型计算了汇总加权平均差（WMD）和 95% 置信区间（CI）：来自 11 项研究的结果表明，与对照组相比，CR 饮食组的体重（WMD：-2.31 千克；95% CI：-4.44，-0.18）、体重指数（WMD：-1.08 千克/平方米；95% CI：-1.91，-0.26）和脂肪量（WMD：-1.43%；95% CI：-2.43 至-0.43）显著减少，脂肪连素水平（WMD：0.74 纳克/毫升；95% CI：0.02，1.47）显著增加。然而，对体重指数 z 值（WMD：-0.10；95% CI：-0.21，0.01）、腰围（WMD：-3.03 厘米；95% CI：-6.57，0.51）或瘦素水平（WMD：-0.82 纳克/毫升；95% CI：-2.26，0.61）没有观察到明显影响。分层分析表明，在干预时间不超过 12 周和极低碳水化合物饮食中，CR 对减轻体重和 BMI 的效果更大：总之，CR 饮食以及其他生活方式因素似乎可以显著改善肥胖/超重儿科患者的体重减轻情况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

170

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome publishes articles on all aspects of the pathophysiology of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. By publishing original material exploring any area of laboratory, animal or clinical research into diabetes and metabolic syndrome, the journal offers a high-visibility forum for new insights and discussions into the issues of importance to the relevant community.