Recent advances in the construction strategy, functional properties, and biosensing application of self-assembled triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures

IF 12.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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Abstract

Research on self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures with different shapes, sizes, and functions has recently made rapid progress owing to its biocompatibility, programmability, and stability. Among these, triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures, which are typically multi-arm DNA tiles, have been widely applied because of their unique structural rigidity, spatial flexibility, and cell permeability. Triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures are folded from multiple single-stranded DNA using the principle of complementary base pairing. Its shape and size can be determined using pre-set scaffold strands, segmented base complementary regions, and sequence lengths. The resulting DNA nanostructures retain the desired sequence length to serve as binding sites for other molecules and obtain satisfactory results in molecular recognition, spatial orientation, and target acquisition. Therefore, extensive research on triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures has shown that they can be used as powerful tools in the biosensing field to improve specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy. Over the past few decades, various design strategies and assembly techniques have been established to improve the stability, complexity, functionality, and practical applications of triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures in biosensing. In this review, we introduce the structural design strategies and principles of typical triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures, including triangular, tetrahedral, star, and net-shaped DNA. We then summarize the functional properties of triangular unit-based DNA nanostructures and their applications in biosensing. Finally, we critically discuss the existing challenges and future trends.

Abstract Image

基于自组装三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构的构建策略、功能特性和生物传感应用的最新进展。
由于具有生物相容性、可编程性和稳定性,不同形状、尺寸和功能的自组装脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)纳米结构的研究近来取得了快速进展。其中,基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构是典型的多臂 DNA 瓦片,因其独特的结构刚性、空间灵活性和细胞渗透性而得到广泛应用。基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构是由多条单链 DNA 利用碱基互补配对原理折叠而成的。其形状和大小可通过预先设置的支架链、分段碱基互补区和序列长度来确定。由此产生的 DNA 纳米结构保留了所需的序列长度,可作为其他分子的结合位点,在分子识别、空间定向和目标捕获方面取得令人满意的效果。因此,对基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构的广泛研究表明,它们可以作为生物传感领域的有力工具,提高特异性、灵敏度和准确性。在过去的几十年里,为了提高基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构的稳定性、复杂性、功能性以及在生物传感领域的实际应用,人们已经建立了各种设计策略和组装技术。在本综述中,我们将介绍典型的基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构的结构设计策略和原理,包括三角形、四面体、星形和网状 DNA。然后,我们总结了基于三角形单元的 DNA 纳米结构的功能特性及其在生物传感中的应用。最后,我们对现有挑战和未来趋势进行了批判性讨论。
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来源期刊
Biotechnology advances
Biotechnology advances 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
25.50
自引率
2.50%
发文量
167
审稿时长
37 days
期刊介绍: Biotechnology Advances is a comprehensive review journal that covers all aspects of the multidisciplinary field of biotechnology. The journal focuses on biotechnology principles and their applications in various industries, agriculture, medicine, environmental concerns, and regulatory issues. It publishes authoritative articles that highlight current developments and future trends in the field of biotechnology. The journal invites submissions of manuscripts that are relevant and appropriate. It targets a wide audience, including scientists, engineers, students, instructors, researchers, practitioners, managers, governments, and other stakeholders in the field. Additionally, special issues are published based on selected presentations from recent relevant conferences in collaboration with the organizations hosting those conferences.
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