{"title":"Invasive aspergillosis: A comprehensive review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2024.01.039","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a severe fungal infection caused by <em>Aspergillus</em> species, particularly <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>, although new species, sometimes resistant to antifungals are becoming more common. IA predominantly affects immunocompromised patients, such as those with haematological malignancies, solid organ transplant recipients, and critically ill patients. However, new at-risk populations have emerged in recent years, such as IA associated with severe viral infections. Advanced diagnostic methods are crucial, especially considering the rising concern of antifungal resistance. Early detection is critical for successful treatment, typically involving antifungal medications like voriconazole or amphotericin B, but new antifungals are arriving to complete the therapeutic strategies. Despite advancements, mortality rates remain high, underscoring the importance of timely interventions and ongoing research. Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion, especially in immunocompromised patients and other new risk factors that are arising, to promptly diagnose and manage invasive aspergillosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2387020624003486","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a severe fungal infection caused by Aspergillus species, particularly Aspergillus fumigatus, although new species, sometimes resistant to antifungals are becoming more common. IA predominantly affects immunocompromised patients, such as those with haematological malignancies, solid organ transplant recipients, and critically ill patients. However, new at-risk populations have emerged in recent years, such as IA associated with severe viral infections. Advanced diagnostic methods are crucial, especially considering the rising concern of antifungal resistance. Early detection is critical for successful treatment, typically involving antifungal medications like voriconazole or amphotericin B, but new antifungals are arriving to complete the therapeutic strategies. Despite advancements, mortality rates remain high, underscoring the importance of timely interventions and ongoing research. Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion, especially in immunocompromised patients and other new risk factors that are arising, to promptly diagnose and manage invasive aspergillosis.
侵袭性曲霉菌病(IA)是一种严重的真菌感染,由曲霉菌,尤其是烟曲霉菌引起,但新的曲霉菌种类也越来越常见,有时对抗真菌药物产生耐药性。曲霉菌感染主要影响免疫力低下的患者,如血液恶性肿瘤患者、实体器官移植受者和危重病人。然而,近年来又出现了新的高危人群,如与严重病毒感染相关的 IA。先进的诊断方法至关重要,尤其是考虑到抗真菌耐药性问题日益严重。早期发现是成功治疗的关键,通常需要使用伏立康唑或两性霉素 B 等抗真菌药物,但新的抗真菌药物正在出现,以完善治疗策略。尽管取得了进步,但死亡率仍然很高,这说明及时干预和持续研究的重要性。医护人员应保持高度怀疑,尤其是对免疫力低下的患者和其他新出现的危险因素,以便及时诊断和处理侵袭性曲霉菌病。