Over 100-fold improvement in the accuracy of relaxed eddy accumulation flux estimates through error diffusion

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Anas Emad
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Measurements of atmosphere-surface exchange are largely limited by the availability of fast-response gas analyzers; this limitation hampers our understanding of the role of terrestrial ecosystems in atmospheric chemistry and global change. Current micrometeorological methods, compatible with slow-response gas analyzers, are difficult to implement, or rely on empirical parameters that introduce large systematic errors.

Here, we develop a new micrometeorological method, optimized for slow-response gas analyzers, that directly measures exchange rates of different atmospheric constituents, with minimal requirements. The new method requires only the sampling of air at a constant rate and directing it into one of two reservoirs, depending on the direction of the vertical wind velocity. An integral component of the new technique is an error diffusion algorithm that minimizes the biases in the measured fluxes and achieves direct flux estimates.

We demonstrate that the new method provides an unbiased estimate of the flux, with accuracy within 0.1% of the reference eddy covariance flux, and importantly, allows for significant enhancements in the signal-to-noise ratio of measured scalars without compromising accuracy. Our new method provides a simple and reliable way to address complex environmental questions and offers a promising avenue for advancing our understanding of ecological systems and atmospheric chemistry.

通过误差扩散将松弛涡积通量估算的精度提高 100 倍以上
大气-地表交换的测量在很大程度上受到快速反应气体分析仪的限制;这种限制妨碍了我们对陆地生态系统在大气化学和全球变化中的作用的理解。目前与慢响应气体分析仪兼容的微气象学方法很难实现,或者依赖于会带来较大系统误差的经验参数。在此,我们开发了一种新的微气象学方法,该方法针对慢响应气体分析仪进行了优化,可直接测量不同大气成分的交换率,且要求极低。新方法只需以恒定的速率对空气进行采样,并根据垂直风速的方向将空气导入两个储气罐之一。新技术的一个组成部分是误差扩散算法,它能最大限度地减少测量通量的偏差,实现直接的通量估算。我们证明,新方法能提供无偏的通量估算,精度在参考涡度协方差通量的 0.1% 以内,而且重要的是,它能在不影响精度的情况下显著提高测量标量的信噪比。我们的新方法为解决复杂的环境问题提供了一种简单而可靠的方法,并为促进我们对生态系统和大气化学的理解提供了一条前景广阔的途径。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
9.70%
发文量
415
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology is an international journal for the publication of original articles and reviews on the inter-relationship between meteorology, agriculture, forestry, and natural ecosystems. Emphasis is on basic and applied scientific research relevant to practical problems in the field of plant and soil sciences, ecology and biogeochemistry as affected by weather as well as climate variability and change. Theoretical models should be tested against experimental data. Articles must appeal to an international audience. Special issues devoted to single topics are also published. Typical topics include canopy micrometeorology (e.g. canopy radiation transfer, turbulence near the ground, evapotranspiration, energy balance, fluxes of trace gases), micrometeorological instrumentation (e.g., sensors for trace gases, flux measurement instruments, radiation measurement techniques), aerobiology (e.g. the dispersion of pollen, spores, insects and pesticides), biometeorology (e.g. the effect of weather and climate on plant distribution, crop yield, water-use efficiency, and plant phenology), forest-fire/weather interactions, and feedbacks from vegetation to weather and the climate system.
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