Dermatitis, a nightmare for those exposed to environmental pollutants

Abstract

The increase in occupational, environmental, and prenatal exposure of humans to environmental pollutants in recent years has been associated with an increase in the incidence or aggravation of dermatitis symptoms in different age groups. The present systematic review was conducted with the aim of obtaining studies related to the impact of occupational, environmental, and prenatal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), solvents, and metals on dermatitis. To identify relevant studies, a systematic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and Embase databases until January 11, 2024 (without date limit). The Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcomes (PECO) statement was formed to create a comprehensive and efficient research question and studies that did not meet the PECO criteria were excluded. In addition, the quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) specific checklist and the possibility of risk of bias using the ROB tool. Finally, the eligible studies were discussed according to the type of pollutant. After detailed reviews, 86 eligible studies were considered for inclusion in the present systematic review. A review of studies showed that 66 % (N = 57) of the eligible articles were of high quality (Q1) and 58.13 % (N = 50) were classified as high ROB. The results indicated that chronic exposure to VOCs, solvents, and metals can play an effective role in incidence and aggravation of dermatitis symptoms, especially atopic dermatitis and eczema, in all age groups. However, exposure to some micronutrients, such as selenium and manganese, can positively improve community health. The results of this systematic review show the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on dermatitis, which can negatively affect people's self-esteem and occupational/educational performance. Therefore, it is very necessary to adopt strict approaches to comply with environmental standards and prevent chronic exposure to contaminants, especially in pregnant women and employees.