Evolutionary origin and distribution of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptors in insects

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Ying Tian, Han Gao, Hong Li, Chengjun Li, Bin Li
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Abstract

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptors (LGRs) are crucial for animal growth and development. They were categorized into four types (A, B, C1, and C2) based on their sequence and domain structures. Despite the widespread distribution of LGRs across bilaterians, a thorough investigation of their distribution and evolutionary history remains elusive. Recent studies insect LGRs, especially the emergence of type C2 LGRs in various hemimetabolous insects, had prompted our study to address these problems. Initially, we traced the origins of LGRs by exploiting data from 99 species spanning 11 metazoan phyla, and discovered that type A and B LGRs originated from sponges, while type C LGRs originated from cnidarians. Subsequently, through comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analyses across 565 species across 25 orders of insects, we found that both type A and C1 LGRs divided into two gene clusters. These clusters can be traced back to basal Insecta and an early ancestor of the Arthropoda, respectively. Furthermore, the absence of type B LGRs in wingless insects suggests a role in wing development, while the absence of type C2 LGRs in holometabolous insects hints at novel functions unrelated to insect metamorphosis. According to the origin of LGRs and the investigation of LGRs in insects, we speculated that type A and B LGRs appeared first among four types of LGRs, type A evolved into type C LGRs later, and type A and C1 LGRs independently duplicated during the evolutionary process. This study provides a more comprehensive view of the evolution of LGR genes than previously available, and sheds light on the evolutionary history and significance of LGRs in insect biology.

Abstract Image

昆虫中富含亮氨酸重复的 G 蛋白偶联受体的进化起源与分布
含富亮氨酸重复的 G 蛋白偶联受体(LGRs)对动物的生长和发育至关重要。根据其序列和结构域结构,它们被分为四种类型(A、B、C1 和 C2)。尽管 LGRs 广泛分布于两栖动物中,但对其分布和进化历史的深入研究仍然遥遥无期。最近对昆虫 LGRs 的研究,特别是 C2 型 LGRs 在各种半代谢昆虫中的出现,促使我们的研究来解决这些问题。最初,我们利用来自 11 个元动物门类 99 个物种的数据追溯了 LGRs 的起源,发现 A 型和 B 型 LGRs 起源于海绵动物,而 C 型 LGRs 则起源于刺胞动物。随后,通过对 25 个昆虫纲的 565 个物种进行全面的基因组和转录组分析,我们发现 A 型和 C1 型 LGRs 都分为两个基因簇。这些基因簇可分别追溯到基底昆虫纲和节肢动物纲的早期祖先。此外,无翅昆虫中没有 B 型 LGRs,这表明它们在翅膀发育过程中发挥作用;而全变态昆虫中没有 C2 型 LGRs,这表明它们具有与昆虫变态无关的新功能。根据LGRs的起源和对昆虫LGRs的调查,我们推测四种类型的LGRs中A型和B型LGRs出现最早,A型LGRs进化为C型LGRs较晚,A型和C1型LGRs在进化过程中独立复制。这项研究提供了一个比以往更全面的LGR基因进化视角,揭示了LGR在昆虫生物学中的进化历史和意义。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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