Internet of everything meets the metaverse: Bridging physical and virtual worlds with blockchain

IF 13.3 1区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Wajid Rafique , Junaid Qadir
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Metaverse is an evolving technology that leverages the Internet infrastructure and the massively connected Internet of Everything (IoE) to create an immersive virtual world. In the Metaverse, humans engage in activities similar to those in the real world, such as socializing, working, attending events, exploring virtual landscapes, creating and trading digital assets, participating in virtual economies, and experiencing entertainment and cultural activities. By using advanced technologies such as IoE, extended reality (XR), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and 6G communication, along with blockchain technology, the Metaverse bridges the physical and virtual worlds. In particular, Blockchain-Enabled IoE (BIoE) will play a crucial role in Metaverse applications by ensuring secure service provisioning through the integration of blockchain with IoE. It efficiently manages the massive connectivity of physical world objects and enhances security, integrity, and decentralization of trust, while increasing resilience against failures, thus securing and fostering trust in both physical and virtual Metaverse networks. While some view the Metaverse as a detached virtual world, technologies like mixed reality and digital twins highlight the need for complementarity and interactive co-existence between the physical and virtual worlds. Blockchain facilitates this co-existence by providing a secure and trusted framework for integrating and synchronizing data and activities across both environments, developing trust through the reliability and authenticity of interactions and transactions. However, despite substantial advancements in related fields, there remains a significant gap in comprehensive surveys that address the integration of AI/ML, 6G, and blockchain in the Metaverse. In this paper, we fill this gap by examining BIoE’s capabilities in bridging the physical and virtual worlds and securing Metaverse applications across various domains, such as immersive energy grids, immersive healthcare, and immersive living. We explore BIoE’s role in service provisioning in the Metaverse, including access control, privacy protection, authentication, attack identification, and trust management. Additionally, we present a detailed taxonomy of existing literature, discuss novel use cases, and explore the synergies and practical implementations of BIoE in Metaverse applications. Finally, we address current challenges and propose future research directions to advance the field of BIoE in the Metaverse.

万物互联与元世界:用区块链连接物理世界和虚拟世界
元宇宙是一种不断发展的技术,它利用互联网基础设施和大规模连接的万物互联(IoE)来创建一个身临其境的虚拟世界。在元宇宙中,人类从事与现实世界类似的活动,如社交、工作、参加活动、探索虚拟景观、创建和交易数字资产、参与虚拟经济以及体验娱乐和文化活动。通过使用物联网(IoE)、扩展现实(XR)、人工智能(AI)、机器学习(ML)和 6G 通信等先进技术以及区块链技术,Metaverse 将物理世界和虚拟世界连接起来。其中,区块链物联网(Blockchain-Enabled IoE,BIoE)将在 Metaverse 应用中发挥关键作用,通过将区块链与 IoE 相结合,确保安全提供服务。它能有效管理物理世界对象的大规模连接,增强安全性、完整性和去中心化信任,同时提高故障恢复能力,从而确保物理和虚拟 Metaverse 网络的安全并促进信任。虽然有些人认为元宇宙是一个独立的虚拟世界,但混合现实和数字双胞胎等技术强调了物理世界和虚拟世界之间互补和互动共存的必要性。区块链提供了一个安全可信的框架,用于整合和同步两个环境中的数据和活动,通过互动和交易的可靠性和真实性建立信任,从而促进这种共存。然而,尽管相关领域取得了长足进步,但针对人工智能/ML、6G 和区块链在 Metaverse 中的整合的全面调查仍存在巨大差距。在本文中,我们通过研究 BIoE 在连接物理世界和虚拟世界方面的能力,以及确保 Metaverse 应用在各个领域(如沉浸式能源网、沉浸式医疗保健和沉浸式生活)的安全,填补了这一空白。我们探讨了 BIoE 在 Metaverse 服务供应中的作用,包括访问控制、隐私保护、身份验证、攻击识别和信任管理。此外,我们还对现有文献进行了详细分类,讨论了新的使用案例,并探讨了 BIoE 在元宇宙应用中的协同作用和实际应用。最后,我们探讨了当前面临的挑战,并提出了未来的研究方向,以推动元数据中的 BIoE 领域的发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Computer Science Review
Computer Science Review Computer Science-General Computer Science
CiteScore
32.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
51 days
期刊介绍: Computer Science Review, a publication dedicated to research surveys and expository overviews of open problems in computer science, targets a broad audience within the field seeking comprehensive insights into the latest developments. The journal welcomes articles from various fields as long as their content impacts the advancement of computer science. In particular, articles that review the application of well-known Computer Science methods to other areas are in scope only if these articles advance the fundamental understanding of those methods.
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