A Neural Signature for Reappraisal as an Emotion Regulation Strategy: Relationship to Stress-Related Suicidal Ideation and Negative Affect in Major Depression.

Sarah Herzog, Noam Schneck, Hanga Galfalvy, Tse Hwei-Choo, Mike Schmidt, Christina A Michel, M Elizabeth Sublette, Ainsley Burke, Kevin Ochsner, J John Mann, Maria A Oquendo, Barbara H Stanley
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Abstract

Background: Impaired emotion regulation (ER) contributes to major depression, and suicidal ideation (SI) and behavior. ER is typically studied by explicitly directing participants to regulate, but this may not capture depressed individuals' spontaneous tendencies to engage ER in daily life.

Methods: In N=82 participants with major depressive disorder (MDD), we examined the relationship of spontaneous engagement of ER to real-world responses to stress. We used a machine learning-derived neural signature reflecting neural systems underlying cognitive reappraisal (an ER strategy) to identify reappraisal-related activity while participants recalled negative autobiographical memories under the following conditions: 1) unstructured recall; 2) distanced recall, a form of reappraisal; and 3) immersed recall (comparison condition). Participants also completed a week of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) measuring daily stressors, suicidal ideation (SI), and negative affect.

Results: Higher reappraisal signature output for the unstructured period, a proxy for the spontaneous tendency to engage ER, was associated with greater increases in SI following stressors (b=0.083, p=0.041). Higher signature output for distanced recall, a proxy for the capacity to engage ER when directed, was associated with lower negative affect following stressors (b=-0.085, p=0.029). Output for the immerse period was not associated with EMA outcomes.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that, in MDD, the spontaneous tendency to react to negative memories with attempts to reappraise may indicate greater reactivity to negative cues; while intact capacity to use reappraisal when directed may be associated with more adaptive responses to stress. These data have implications for understanding stress-related increases in suicide risk in depression.

重新评价作为情绪调节策略的神经特征:重度抑郁症患者与压力相关的自杀意念和负性情绪的关系。
背景:情绪调节(ER)功能受损是导致重度抑郁症、自杀意念(SI)和行为的原因之一。情绪调节通常是通过明确引导参与者进行调节来进行研究的,但这可能无法捕捉到抑郁症患者在日常生活中自发进行情绪调节的倾向:方法:在82名重度抑郁障碍(MDD)患者中,我们研究了自发参与ER与真实世界压力反应之间的关系。我们使用了一种机器学习衍生的神经特征,该特征反映了认知再评价(一种ER策略)的基础神经系统,以识别参与者在以下条件下回忆负面自传记忆时与再评价相关的活动:1) 非结构化回忆;2) 距离回忆(一种再评价形式);3) 沉浸回忆(对比条件)。参与者还完成了为期一周的生态瞬间评估(EMA),测量日常压力、自杀意念(SI)和负面情绪:非结构化时期较高的再评价特征输出(代表自发参与ER的倾向)与压力后SI的增加有关(b=0.083,p=0.041)。较高的远距离回忆签名输出(代表在受指导时参与应急反应的能力)与压力事件后较低的负面情绪有关(b=-0.085,p=0.029)。沉浸期的输出与EMA结果无关:研究结果表明,在 MDD 患者中,试图重新评价负面记忆的自发反应倾向可能表明他们对负面线索的反应性更强;而在受到指导时使用重新评价的完整能力可能与对压力的适应性反应更强有关。这些数据对于理解抑郁症患者因压力而增加的自杀风险具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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