Evaluation of genotoxicity and teratogenicity of phillyrin

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Toxicon Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108080

Xuemin Li , Liru Wang , Shuqin Li , Junfeng Huo , Linxiu Bian , Ying Zhang , Xiaorui Wang , Jie Yao

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Abstract

Phillyrin is extracted from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is significantly higher in (unripe Forsythiae Fructus) Qing qiao than in (ripe Forsythiae Fructus) Lao qiao fruits of the plant. However, the toxicity of phillyrin has not been adequately investigated. The study investigates the genetic and teratogenic effects of phillyrin to determine its safety profile. Assessing the genotoxicity and teratogenicity of phillyrin involved various tests, such as the bacterial reverse mutation assay, mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus assay, spermatocyte chromosome aberration assay, and teratogenicity assay. The results demonstrated that phillyrin exhibited no discernible impact on the following: number of colonies that spontaneously revert for Salmonella typhimurium TA 97, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535, frequency of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes, and the rate of chromosomal aberrations. In the teratogenicity test, the pregnant rats exhibited no signs of toxicity or abnormal changes, and the growth, embryonic development, and visual anatomy of each pup were normal. In comparison with the negative control group, there were no significant differences in fetal body weight, mortality, deformity rate, malformed nest rate, gravid uterus weight, average number of fetuses per litter, fetal body length, or visceral and skeletal development in each dose group. In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that phillyrin does not exhibit genotoxic or teratogenic effects, supporting its potential safety for pharmacological applications.

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评估菲利林的遗传毒性和致畸性。

从连翘（Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl）中提取的菲力蛋白在（未成熟连翘果实）青翘果实中的含量明显高于在（成熟连翘果实）老翘果实中的含量。然而，人们尚未充分研究菲力蛋白的毒性。本研究调查了妃丽素的遗传和致畸效应，以确定其安全性。评估妃丽素的遗传毒性和致畸性涉及多种试验，如细菌反向突变试验、哺乳动物红细胞微核试验、精母细胞染色体畸变试验和致畸试验。结果表明，菲利林对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 TA97、TA98、TA100、TA102 和 TA1535 的自发逆转菌落数、骨髓多色红细胞频率和染色体畸变率没有明显影响。在致畸试验中，妊娠大鼠没有出现中毒症状或异常变化，每只幼鼠的生长、胚胎发育和视觉解剖均正常。与阴性对照组相比，各剂量组的胎儿体重、死亡率、畸形率、畸形巢率、妊娠子宫重量、每窝平均胎儿数、胎儿体长、内脏和骨骼发育均无显著差异。总之，这些研究结果证明了菲力蛋白不会产生遗传毒性或致畸作用，从而支持了其在药理应用方面的潜在安全性。

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来源期刊

Toxicon 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

10.70%

发文量

358

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Toxicon has an open access mirror Toxicon: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. An introductory offer Toxicon: X - full waiver of the Open Access fee. Toxicon''s "aims and scope" are to publish: -articles containing the results of original research on problems related to toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms -papers on novel findings related to the chemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and immunological properties of natural toxins -molecular biological studies of toxins and other genes from poisonous and venomous organisms that advance understanding of the role or function of toxins -clinical observations on poisoning and envenoming where a new therapeutic principle has been proposed or a decidedly superior clinical result has been obtained. -material on the use of toxins as tools in studying biological processes and material on subjects related to venom and antivenom problems. -articles on the translational application of toxins, for example as drugs and insecticides -epidemiological studies on envenoming or poisoning, so long as they highlight a previously unrecognised medical problem or provide insight into the prevention or medical treatment of envenoming or poisoning. Retrospective surveys of hospital records, especially those lacking species identification, will not be considered for publication. Properly designed prospective community-based surveys are strongly encouraged. -articles describing well-known activities of venoms, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities of arachnid venoms, without any attempt to define the mechanism of action or purify the active component, will not be considered for publication in Toxicon. -review articles on problems related to toxinology. To encourage the exchange of ideas, sections of the journal may be devoted to Short Communications, Letters to the Editor and activities of the affiliated societies.