Intravenous lipid emulsions designed to meet preterm infant requirements increase plasma and tissue levels of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid in mice

IF 6.6 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aims

Intravenous lipid emulsions used in preterm infants contain insufficient docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) to support normal development, resulting in deficiencies that contribute to complications of prematurity and cognitive delay. We sought to investigate the effects of new intravenous lipid emulsions designed to contain sufficient DHA and ARA to meet preterm needs, while avoiding liver toxicity.

Methods

Three new lipid emulsions (NLE A-C) were laboratory-generated using high pressure homogenization. First, a long-term experiment evaluated the impact on plasma, liver, and frontal cortex fatty acid composition compared to commercially available lipid emulsions. Lipid emulsions were administered via daily orogastric gavage to four-week-old C57Bl/6 J mice. Next, liver toxicity was evaluated in a murine model of parenteral nutrition-induced hepatosteatosis. Mice were provided an ad lib fat-free high carbohydrate diet, with intravenous lipid emulsion administration every other day for 19 days.

Results

Administration of commercially available lipid emulsions (soybean oil, mixed oil, or fish oil) resulted in decreased plasma and tissue levels of DHA and/or ARA compared to a chow control. The new lipid emulsions demonstrated a dose-response effect in plasma and tissue concentration of DHA and ARA. NLE C (with an approximately even DHA:ARA ratio), compared to chow, maintained similar DHA (19.2 ± 0.3 vs. 19.3 ± 0.3%, P = 1.00) and ARA (10.4 ± 0.2 vs. 9.9 ± 0.2% ARA, P = 0.75) content in frontal cortex tissue. All three new lipid emulsions prevented biochemical liver injury and pathologist-assessed hepatosteatosis; soybean oil lipid emulsion and mixed oil lipid emulsion treatment resulted in hepatosteatosis in both experiments.

Conclusion

Long-term treatment with the new lipid emulsions in juvenile mice resulted in increased plasma and tissue DHA and/or ARA content compared to currently available lipid emulsions. The new lipid emulsions also prevented hepatosteatosis and biochemical liver injury with enteral and parenteral administration.

为满足早产儿需求而设计的静脉注射脂质乳剂可提高小鼠血浆和组织中二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸的水平
背景& 目的用于早产儿的静脉注射脂质乳剂中含有的二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和花生四烯酸(ARA)不足以支持婴儿的正常发育,从而导致早产儿并发症和认知发育迟缓。我们试图研究新设计的静脉注射脂质乳剂的效果,这些脂质乳剂含有足够的 DHA 和 ARA,可满足早产儿的需要,同时避免肝脏毒性。首先,一项长期实验评估了与市售脂质乳剂相比,脂质乳剂对血浆、肝脏和额叶皮层脂肪酸组成的影响。每天通过口胃灌胃给四周大的 C57Bl/6 J 小鼠喂食脂质乳剂。接着,在肠外营养诱发肝软化症的小鼠模型中对肝脏毒性进行了评估。结果与饲料对照组相比,服用市售脂质乳剂(大豆油、混合油或鱼油)会导致血浆和组织中的 DHA 和/或 ARA 水平下降。新型脂质乳剂对血浆和组织中的 DHA 和 ARA 浓度具有剂量反应效应。与饲料相比,NLE C(DHA:ARA 比例大致均匀)在额叶皮层组织中保持了相似的 DHA(19.2 ± 0.3 vs. 19.3 ± 0.3%,P = 1.00)和 ARA(10.4 ± 0.2 vs. 9.9 ± 0.2% ARA,P = 0.75)含量。所有三种新型脂质乳液都能防止生化肝损伤和病理学家评估的肝软化症;大豆油脂质乳液和混合油脂质乳液在两个实验中都导致了肝软化症。新型脂质乳剂还能防止肠内和肠外给药引起的肝软化症和肝生化损伤。
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来源期刊
Clinical nutrition
Clinical nutrition 医学-营养学
CiteScore
14.10
自引率
6.30%
发文量
356
审稿时长
28 days
期刊介绍: Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.
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