Can high-intensity interval training improve health outcomes among people with substance use disorders? A systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis

IF 2.3 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Mental Health and Physical Activity Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI:10.1016/j.mhpa.2024.100622

Cagdas Türkmen , Rebecca Martland , Maurizio Grilli , Brendon Stubbs , Kirsten K. Roessler , Mats Hallgren

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Abstract

Background and aim: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are marked by high relapse rates and comorbid somatic and mental health issues. High-intensity interval training (HIIT), a time-efficient form of exercise, may offer potential benefits in addressing these issues. The aim of this systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis was to evaluate the health benefits, safety and adherence of HIIT interventions in individuals with SUDs.

Methods

Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, PsycINFO, ClinicalTrials.gov and the ICTRP for intervention studies published from inception until March 12, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the EPHPP tool. Preliminary meta-analyses were conducted if ≥ 3 studies reported data on the outcomes of interest. To compare the HIIT and control groups, mean differences (MDs) were calculated as effect sizes for outcomes measured on the same scale, while Hedges’ g was used for outcomes measured on different scales.

Results

Six intervention studies (N = 327 at baseline; 99% men) were included, comprising one non-randomised and five randomised controlled trials. Preliminary meta-analyses indicated a moderate increase in VO_2max after 2–4 months (3 studies; MD = 2.06 ml/kg/min, 95% CI = 1.02–3.09, p < 0.001) and a modest reduction in drug craving after 3 weeks to 6 months (3 studies; Hedges’ g = -0.31, 95% CI = -0.03 to -0.059, p < 0.03) in the HIIT groups, compared to control groups. No evidence for heterogeneity among the included trials was found. Data on other outcomes were insufficient or inconsistent, limiting interpretability. The included trials were rated as being of low to moderate quality.

Conclusion

HIIT may improve cardiorespiratory fitness and reduce drug craving among individuals with SUDs, potentially improving treatment outcomes and lowering the risk of relapse. Further research is needed to assess its impact on other outcomes (e.g., cognitive functioning and mental health), and to compare its effectiveness with other forms of exercise. Supported HIIT interventions are shown to be feasible and safe among inpatients, but studies involving outpatients and non-treatment seekers are also needed.

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高强度间歇训练能否改善药物使用障碍患者的健康状况？系统回顾和初步荟萃分析

背景和目的：药物使用失调症（SUD）的特点是复发率高，并发躯体和精神健康问题。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是一种时间效率高的运动形式，可能为解决这些问题带来潜在的益处。本系统综述和初步荟萃分析旨在评估 HIIT 干预措施对 SUDs 患者的健康益处、安全性和依从性。方法在 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science Core Collection、PsycINFO、ClinicalTrials.gov 和 ICTRP 中进行了系统检索，以了解从开始到 2024 年 3 月 12 日发表的干预研究。研究质量采用 EPHPP 工具进行评估。如果有≥3项研究报告了相关结果的数据，则进行初步荟萃分析。为了对 HIIT 组和对照组进行比较，对同一量表测量的结果计算平均差（MDs）作为效应大小，而对不同量表测量的结果则使用 Hedges' g。初步的荟萃分析表明，与对照组相比，2-4 个月后，HIIT 组的 VO2max 有适度提高（3 项研究；MD = 2.06 ml/kg/min，95% CI = 1.02-3.09，p <0.001），3 周至 6 个月后，药物渴求有适度降低（3 项研究；Hedges' g = -0.31，95% CI = -0.03 至 -0.059，p <0.03）。在纳入的试验中未发现异质性证据。其他结果的数据不足或不一致，限制了可解释性。结论HIIT可以改善心肺功能，减少药物滥用者对药物的渴求，从而改善治疗效果并降低复发风险。还需要进一步的研究来评估其对其他结果（如认知功能和心理健康）的影响，并比较其与其他运动形式的有效性。有支持的 HIIT 干预在住院患者中是可行和安全的，但还需要对门诊患者和非治疗寻求者进行研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Mental Health and Physical Activity PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

6.40%

发文量

审稿时长

32 days

期刊介绍： The aims of Mental Health and Physical Activity will be: (1) to foster the inter-disciplinary development and understanding of the mental health and physical activity field; (2) to develop research designs and methods to advance our understanding; (3) to promote the publication of high quality research on the effects of physical activity (interventions and a single session) on a wide range of dimensions of mental health and psychological well-being (eg, depression, anxiety and stress responses, mood, cognitive functioning and neurological disorders, such as dementia, self-esteem and related constructs, psychological aspects of quality of life among people with physical and mental illness, sleep, addictive disorders, eating disorders), from both efficacy and effectiveness trials;