Self-induced extreme intoxication akin to automatism: A psycholegal tug of war

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Dennis Curry MD, MSc, Amir Rezaei Ardani MD, Jason Quinn MD, FRCPC
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Abstract

Self-induced extreme intoxication akin to automatism (SIEA) is a complicated and controversial legal concept resistant to jurisdictional consensus. In the United States, SIEA has, at times, been considered under the concept of “settled insanity.”. In the United Kingdom, the defense may be allowed for specific intent crimes, though the defendant's awareness of the foreseeability of risk is addressed at trial. In Canada, recent jurisprudence has led to legal and practice landscape changes related to self-induced extreme intoxication. Here, we provide an overview of automatism and an update on the Canadian perspective with a review of the facts and an analysis of the Supreme Court of Canada's landmark decision in R v. Brown, where the court permitted the SIEA defense to be utilized for general intent crimes and acquitted Matthew Winston Brown, a 26-year-old male with no history of mental illness, with respect to two counts of “break and enter” and one count of “aggravated assault.” We review the social and legislative response to the changing case law as well as related implications for expert testimony, which may be provided by forensic mental health professionals. Given the judicial and legal implications of the recent changes for both perpetrators and victims of violent crime and given the dynamic international landscape on extreme intoxication in criminal law, the review is thought to be of interest to a broad category of stakeholders including policymakers and those working in forensic psychiatry and law.

自我诱导的极度中毒,类似于自动症:一场心理法律拔河比赛。
类似于自动症的自我极端陶醉(SIEA)是一个复杂而有争议的法律概念,在司法管辖上难以达成共识。在美国,"类似于自动症的自我极端陶醉 "有时被视为 "确定的精神错乱"。在英国,尽管被告对风险可预见性的认识要在审判中解决,但对于特定意图的犯罪,可能允许使用该辩护理由。在加拿大,最近的判例导致了与自我诱导的极度醉酒有关的法律和实践状况的变化。在 R v. Brown 一案中,法院允许在一般意图犯罪中使用 SIEA 辩护,并宣判无精神病史的 26 岁男性马修-温斯顿-布朗(Matthew Winston Brown)在两项 "破门而入 "罪和一项 "严重伤害罪 "中无罪。我们回顾了社会和立法对判例法变化的反应,以及对专家证词的相关影响,法医心理健康专业人士可以提供专家证词。鉴于最近的变化对暴力犯罪的犯罪者和受害者都具有司法和法律影响,也鉴于刑法中关于极度醉酒的国际形势不断变化,我们认为本综述会引起包括政策制定者以及法医精神病学和法律工作者在内的各类利益相关者的兴趣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of forensic sciences
Journal of forensic sciences 医学-医学:法
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
215
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forensic Sciences (JFS) is the official publication of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS). It is devoted to the publication of original investigations, observations, scholarly inquiries and reviews in various branches of the forensic sciences. These include anthropology, criminalistics, digital and multimedia sciences, engineering and applied sciences, pathology/biology, psychiatry and behavioral science, jurisprudence, odontology, questioned documents, and toxicology. Similar submissions dealing with forensic aspects of other sciences and the social sciences are also accepted, as are submissions dealing with scientifically sound emerging science disciplines. The content and/or views expressed in the JFS are not necessarily those of the AAFS, the JFS Editorial Board, the organizations with which authors are affiliated, or the publisher of JFS. All manuscript submissions are double-blind peer-reviewed.
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