Unveiling human DNase II: Molecular characterization, gene insights, and functional implications

Abstract

This review comprehensively explores the molecular characterization, genetic insights, and functional implications of human DNase II, an enzyme crucial for DNA hydrolysis under acidic conditions. We discuss its purification, identification, and characterization, emphasizing the importance of highly purified samples for accurate analyses as well as for understanding the biochemical properties. The discovery and analysis of DNase II’s cDNA and gene have provided crucial insights into its genetic regulation and chromosomal location. Genetic polymorphism in DNase II activity levels, characterized by distinct alleles, provides valuable information on the diversity of enzyme function among individuals. Tissue distribution studies reveal its widespread presence across human tissues, hinting at potential endocrine connections. Clinical implications of DNase II variants, including therapeutic strategies targeting the JAK1 pathway, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatments. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for advancing our knowledge of DNase II and its impact on human health and disease.