Impact of growth implants and low-level tannin supplementation on enteric emissions and nitrogen excretion in grazing steers.

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Translational Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-07-31 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1093/tas/txae115
Edward J Raynor, Mesa Kutz, Logan R Thompson, Pedro H V Carvalho, Sara E Place, Kimberly R Stackhouse-Lawson
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The primary objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of a growth-hormone implant (Revalor-G, Merck Animal Health., Rahway, NJ, USA) and tannin supplementation (Silvafeed BX, Silva Team, San Michele Mondovi CN, Italy) on enteric methane (CH4) emissions and estimated nitrogen (N) excretion in grazing steers. Steers (n = 20; initial body weight [IBW] = 343 ± 14 kg) were acclimated to use a portable automated head-chamber system (AHCS) to measure CH4 and a SmartFeed Pro automated feeder for dietary supplementation (C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD, USA). After the training period, steers were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangements of treatments, with 2 levels of growth-hormone implants, no-implant (NO-IMP) or implanted (IMP), and 2 levels of tannin supplementation, no tannin supplementation (NO-TAN) or tannin supplementation (TAN). This created 4 treatment groups: (1) NO-TAN and NO-IMP, (2) TAN and NO-IMP, (3) IMP and NO-TAN, and (4) TAN and IMP. Tannin was offered daily at 0.30% dry matter intake (DMI) through 0.5 kg/hd/d sweetfeed supplement (Sweetfeed Mix, AgFinity., Eaton, CO, USA) with a targeted tannin intake at 48 g/hd/d. No (P ≥ 0.05) implant × tannin interaction was detected for any dependent variable, so only the main effects of implant (NO-IMP vs. IMP) and tannin supplementation (NO-TAN vs. TAN) are discussed. Implant status did not affect (P ≥ 0.56) final body weight (FBW) or average daily gain (ADG) during the 90 d grazing period. There was no effect (P ≥ 0.15) of growth implant on CH4 production or emission intensity (EI; g CH4/kg gain). Additionally, IMP steers tended (P ≤ 0.08) to have less CH4 yield (MY; g CH4/g DMI) and higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN) than NO-IMP steers. Tannin supplementation did not impact (P ≥ 0.26) FBW or ADG. However, NO-TAN steers tended (P = 0.06) to have a greater total DMI than steers supplemented with tannin. No effect (P ≥ 0.22) of tannin supplementation was observed for CH4 production and EI. Nitrogen utilization as measured through BUN, urine N, fecal N, or fecal P was similar (P ≥ 0.12) between TAN and NO-TAN animals. The findings indicate that low-level dietary supplementation to reduce enteric emissions is difficult in grazing systems due to inconsistent animal intake and that growth implants could be used as a strategy to improve growth performance and reduce EI of steers grazing improved pasture.

生长植入物和低水平单宁补充剂对放牧母牛肠道排放物和氮排泄物的影响。
本实验的主要目的是评估生长激素植入物(Revalor-G,默克动物保健公司,美国新泽西州拉威市)和单宁补充剂(Silvafeed BX,Silva Team,意大利圣米歇尔蒙多维 CN)对放牧母牛肠道甲烷(CH4)排放和估计氮(N)排泄的影响。牛(n = 20;初始体重 [IBW] = 343 ± 14 千克)适应使用便携式自动头腔系统(AHCS)测量 CH4 和 SmartFeed Pro 自动饲喂器补充日粮(C-Lock Inc.)训练期结束后,随机将母牛分配到 2 × 2 因子排列的处理组,其中包括 2 个生长激素植入水平:无植入(NO-IMP)或植入(IMP),以及 2 个单宁补充水平:无单宁补充(NO-TAN)或单宁补充(TAN)。这样就形成了 4 个治疗组:(1) NO-TAN 和 NO-IMP,(2) TAN 和 NO-IMP,(3) IMP 和 NO-TAN,(4) TAN 和 IMP。通过 0.5 kg/hd/d 的甜饲料添加剂(Sweetfeed Mix,AgFinity,Eaton,CO,USA)每天提供 0.30% 的干物质摄入量(DMI),目标单宁摄入量为 48 g/hd/d。在任何因变量中均未检测到(P ≥ 0.05)植入物 × 单宁的交互作用,因此仅讨论植入物(NO-IMP vs. IMP)和单宁补充(NO-TAN vs. TAN)的主效应。在 90 天的放牧期间,种植体状态对最终体重(FBW)或平均日增重(ADG)没有影响(P ≥ 0.56)。生长植入物对甲烷产量或排放强度(EI;克甲烷/千克增重)没有影响(P≥0.15)。此外,与 NO-IMP 牛相比,IMP 牛的 CH4 产量(MY;克 CH4/克 DMI)较低(P ≤ 0.08),血尿素氮(BUN)较高。补充单宁不会影响(P ≥ 0.26)FBW 或 ADG。然而,与补充单宁的母牛相比,NO-TAN 母牛的总 DMI 有增大的趋势(P = 0.06)。补充单宁对 CH4 产量和 EI 没有影响(P ≥ 0.22)。通过BUN、尿N、粪N或粪P测定的氮利用率在TAN和NO-TAN动物之间相似(P≥0.12)。研究结果表明,由于动物摄入量不一致,在放牧系统中很难通过低水平的日粮补充来减少肠道排放,而生长植入物可作为一种策略来提高生长性能并降低放牧改良牧草的阉牛的EI。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Translational Animal Science
Translational Animal Science Veterinary-Veterinary (all)
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
15.40%
发文量
149
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Translational Animal Science (TAS) is the first open access-open review animal science journal, encompassing a broad scope of research topics in animal science. TAS focuses on translating basic science to innovation, and validation of these innovations by various segments of the allied animal industry. Readers of TAS will typically represent education, industry, and government, including research, teaching, administration, extension, management, quality assurance, product development, and technical services. Those interested in TAS typically include animal breeders, economists, embryologists, engineers, food scientists, geneticists, microbiologists, nutritionists, veterinarians, physiologists, processors, public health professionals, and others with an interest in animal production and applied aspects of animal sciences.
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