Effect of insecticides and intercropping systems on fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) infestations and damage in maize in northern Ghana

IF 2.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Field studies were conducted over two successive seasons to test the effects of maize-legume intercropping system on fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) and if insecticide use was necessary in intercropping systems. Three insecticide treatments [no spray, Emastar 112 EC (a.i. emamectin benzoate 48 g/L + acetamiprid 64 g/L), Neem seed oil (NSO) (a.i. 3% azadirachtin)] and three intercropping systems [sole maize (Zea mays L.), maize + soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and maize + groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)] were arranged as a 3 × 3 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. Data were collected on FAW larval infestations, parasitism rates, damage, grain yield and gross financial returns. Results from combined-years analyses showed that larval infestation was significantly affected by intercropping (p = 0.034) only, with maize + soybean recording the lowest infestation while sole maize was highest. Damage to crop and cobs were significantly affected by years and insecticide treatments. Cob damage was also significantly affected by intercropping system with maize + soybean being lowest and sole maize recording the highest damage. Parasitoids recorded were Coccygidium luteum, Chelonus bifoveolatus, and Charops sp. Grain yield was significantly affected by the intercropping systems only (p = 0.004), with no significant year (p = 0.152), insecticide (p = 0.726) and insecticide × intercropping system (p = 0.660) effects. Sole maize (1.6 t/ha) had the lowest yield while maize + groundnut (2.2 t/ha) was highest. In terms of income, an economic analysis showed that spraying intercropped maize with NSO resulted in the highest marginal rate of return. Thus, the use of NSO and intercropping is an effective FAW management strategy.

杀虫剂和间作系统对加纳北部玉米秋虫(Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith))虫害和损害的影响
连续两季进行了田间研究,以测试玉米-豆类间作系统对秋绵虫(FAW)(Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith))的影响,以及在间作系统中是否需要使用杀虫剂。三种杀虫剂处理[不喷洒、Emastar 112 EC(活性:48 克/升苯甲酰甲胺磷 + 64 克/升啶虫脒)、印楝籽油 (NSO)(活性:3% Azadirachtin)]和三种间作系统[单一玉米(Zea mays L.玉米 + 大豆(Glycine max (L.) Merr.)和玉米 + 落花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)],采用 3 × 3 因式试验,随机完全区组设计。收集的数据包括虫害幼虫数量、寄生率、危害程度、谷物产量和总经济收益。综合年分析结果表明,幼虫虫害只受间作的显著影响(p = 0.034),玉米+大豆的虫害最低,而单种玉米的虫害最高。对作物和玉米棒的损害受年份和杀虫剂处理的显著影响。玉米棒的损害也受到间作系统的显著影响,玉米+大豆的损害最低,而单一玉米的损害最高。谷物产量仅受间作制度的显著影响(p = 0.004),年份(p = 0.152)、杀虫剂(p = 0.726)和杀虫剂×间作制度(p = 0.660)的影响均不显著。单种玉米(1.6 吨/公顷)产量最低,而玉米+花生(2.2 吨/公顷)产量最高。在收入方面,经济分析表明,间作玉米喷洒 NSO 的边际收益率最高。因此,使用 NSO 和间作是一种有效的虫害防治策略。
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来源期刊
Crop Protection
Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
3.60%
发文量
200
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.
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