Multi-objective optimization and long-time simulation of a multi-borehole ground heat exchanger system

IF 2.9 2区地球科学 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS

Geothermal Energy Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.1186/s40517-024-00310-9

Saghar Sarshar, Kobra Gharali, Meghdad Saffaripour, Jatin Nathwani, Maurice B. Dusseault

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Abstract

Multi-objective optimization and CFD simulation are conducted to optimize the design of a multi-borehole ground heat exchanger (GHE) system and assess its long-time performance. The multi-objective optimization is performed to minimize the entropy generation number (EGN) and total cost rate by using various evolutionary algorithms, including NSGA-II, GDE-3, MOEA/D, PESA-II, SPEA-II, and SMPSO. NSGA-II and GDE-3 algorithms perform best in obtaining Pareto optimal solutions. Three prominent points on the NSGA-II Pareto frontier, representing the results of single-objective thermodynamic, single-objective economic, and multi-objective optimizations, are simulated in three dimensions over three months. The trends of EGN variations extracted from the transient CFD simulation agree well with those from the steady analytical model. The EGN obtained from multi-objective optimization is 58.8% lower than the EGN obtained using single-objective economic optimization and 1.9 times higher than that calculated from single-objective thermodynamic optimization. Likewise, the total cost rate obtained from multi-objective optimization is 64.4% lower than the value obtained from single-objective thermodynamic optimization and four times higher than that calculated using single-objective economic optimization. The proposed optimization approach can be reliably applied to improve the design of multi-borehole GHE systems.

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多钻孔地热交换系统的多目标优化和长时间模拟

通过多目标优化和 CFD 仿真，对多孔地热交换器（GHE）系统进行优化设计，并评估其长期性能。多目标优化采用多种进化算法，包括 NSGA-II、GDE-3、MOEA/D、PESA-II、SPEA-II 和 SMPSO，以最小化熵生成数（EGN）和总成本率。NSGA-II 和 GDE-3 算法在获得帕累托最优解方面表现最佳。对 NSGA-II 帕累托前沿上的三个突出点进行了三个月的三维模拟，这三个点分别代表了单目标热力学优化、单目标经济优化和多目标优化的结果。从瞬态 CFD 模拟中提取的 EGN 变化趋势与稳定分析模型的趋势非常吻合。多目标优化计算得出的 EGN 比单目标经济优化计算得出的 EGN 低 58.8%，比单目标热力学优化计算得出的 EGN 高 1.9 倍。同样，多目标优化得出的总成本率比单目标热力学优化得出的值低 64.4%，比单目标经济优化计算得出的值高 4 倍。所提出的优化方法可用于改进多孔 GHE 系统的设计。

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来源期刊

Geothermal Energy Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： Geothermal Energy is a peer-reviewed fully open access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. It focuses on fundamental and applied research needed to deploy technologies for developing and integrating geothermal energy as one key element in the future energy portfolio. Contributions include geological, geophysical, and geochemical studies; exploration of geothermal fields; reservoir characterization and modeling; development of productivity-enhancing methods; and approaches to achieve robust and economic plant operation. Geothermal Energy serves to examine the interaction of individual system components while taking the whole process into account, from the development of the reservoir to the economic provision of geothermal energy.

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