Epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of neuron phenotype.

Kaia Achim
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Abstract

Understanding the structure and function of cells is central to cell biology and physiology. The ability to control cell function may benefit biomedicine, such as cell-replacement therapy or regeneration. If structure defines function and cells are composed of water, lipids, small metabolites, nucleic acids, and proteins, of which the latter are largely encoded by the DNA present in the same cell, then one may assume that the cell types and variation in cellular phenotypes are shaped by differential gene expression. Cells of the same cell type maintain a similar composition. In this review, I will discuss the epigenetic and transcription regulation mechanisms guiding cell fate- specific gene expression in developing neural cells. Differentiation involves processes of cell-fate selection, commitment and maturation, which are not necessarily coupled.

神经元表型的表观遗传和转录调控。
了解细胞的结构和功能是细胞生物学和生理学的核心。控制细胞功能的能力可能有益于生物医学,如细胞替代疗法或再生。如果说结构决定功能,细胞由水、脂质、小分子代谢物、核酸和蛋白质组成,而后者主要由存在于同一细胞中的 DNA 编码,那么我们可以认为,细胞类型和细胞表型的变化是由不同的基因表达形成的。同一细胞类型的细胞保持着相似的组成。在这篇综述中,我将讨论在发育中的神经细胞中引导细胞命运特异性基因表达的表观遗传和转录调控机制。分化涉及细胞命运选择、承诺和成熟过程,这些过程并不一定相互关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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