Quality of life is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with heart failure: a prospective cohort study from the Colombian heart failure registry (RECOLFACA).

Abstract

Aims: Patients with heart failure (HF) commonly have poor quality of life (QoL), secondary to the persistence and severity of HF symptoms. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of QoL measures on all-cause mortality in patients with HF from the Colombian registry of heart failure (RECOLFACA).

Methods and results: We analysed data from patients registered in RECOLFACA during 2017-19. QoL was measured using the EuroQol-5D questionnaire (EQ-5D). From the questionnaire, two independent predictors of mortality were obtained, the visual analogue scale (VAS) and the utility score (US). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and secondary variables evaluated were demographic factors, comorbidities, NYHA classification, medications used, and laboratory test results. To analyse survival among patients, the Kaplan-Meier method and the hierarchical Cox proportional hazards regression model were used. This study included 2514 patients from RECOLFACA. Most patients were male (57.6%), and the mean age was 67.8 years. The mean value and standard deviation (SD) of the VAS score was 78.8 ± 20.1 points, while the mean and SD of the US score was 0.81 ± 0.20. As the Kaplan-Meier curve illustrated, patients in the lower quartiles of both VAS and US scores had a significantly higher probability of mortality (log-rank test: P < 0.001 for both scores).

Conclusion: QoL, as calculated by the EQ-5D questionnaire, served as an independent predictor of mortality in patients from RECOLFACA. Further studies may be needed to evaluate whether the provision of optimizing therapies and follow-up care based on patients' perceived QoL reduces short- and long-term mortality rates in this population.