The risks of artificial intelligence: A narrative review and ethical reflection from an Oral Medicine group.

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Oral diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-23 DOI:10.1111/odi.15100

Qingmei Joy Feng, Molly Harte, Barbara Carey, Ali Alqarni, Luis Monteiro, Márcio Diniz-Freitas, Jean-Cristophe Fricain, Giovanni Lodi, Vlaho Brailo, Mattia Andreoletti, Rui Albuquerque

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As a relatively new tool, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine and dentistry has the potential to significantly transform the healthcare sector. AI has already demonstrated efficacy in medical diagnosis across several specialties, used successfully to detect breast, lung and skin cancer. In Oral Medicine, AI may be applied in a similar fashion, used in the detection and diagnosis of oral cancers and oral potentially malignant diseases. Despite its promise as a transformative diagnostic aid, the use of AI in healthcare presents significant safety, reliability and ethical concerns. There is no formal consensus on the safe and ethical implementation of AI systems in healthcare settings, but the literature converges on several key principles of ethical AI use including transparency, justice and fairness, non-maleficence, responsibility and privacy. This article provides a narrative review of the key ethical issues surrounding AI use in medicine, and reflects on these, providing view-points of a bioethicist and Oral Medicine clinicians from several units.

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人工智能的风险：口腔医学小组的叙事回顾与伦理反思。

作为一种相对较新的工具，人工智能（AI）在医学和牙科领域的应用有可能极大地改变医疗保健行业。人工智能已在多个专科的医疗诊断中显示出功效，成功用于检测乳腺癌、肺癌和皮肤癌。在口腔医学领域，人工智能也可以以类似的方式应用于口腔癌和口腔潜在恶性疾病的检测和诊断。尽管人工智能有望成为一种变革性的诊断辅助工具，但在医疗保健领域使用人工智能在安全性、可靠性和伦理方面仍存在重大问题。关于在医疗保健环境中安全、合乎道德地使用人工智能系统，目前还没有正式的共识，但文献对合乎道德地使用人工智能的几项关键原则达成了共识，其中包括透明度、公正和公平、非恶意、责任和隐私。本文对人工智能在医疗领域应用的关键伦理问题进行了叙述性回顾，并对这些问题进行了反思，提供了一位生物伦理学家和来自多个单位的口腔医学临床医生的观点。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Oral diseases 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

5.30%

发文量

325

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Oral Diseases is a multidisciplinary and international journal with a focus on head and neck disorders, edited by leaders in the field, Professor Giovanni Lodi (Editor-in-Chief, Milan, Italy), Professor Stefano Petti (Deputy Editor, Rome, Italy) and Associate Professor Gulshan Sunavala-Dossabhoy (Deputy Editor, Shreveport, LA, USA). The journal is pre-eminent in oral medicine. Oral Diseases specifically strives to link often-isolated areas of dentistry and medicine through broad-based scholarship that includes well-designed and controlled clinical research, analytical epidemiology, and the translation of basic science in pre-clinical studies. The journal typically publishes articles relevant to many related medical specialties including especially dermatology, gastroenterology, hematology, immunology, infectious diseases, neuropsychiatry, oncology and otolaryngology. The essential requirement is that all submitted research is hypothesis-driven, with significant positive and negative results both welcomed. Equal publication emphasis is placed on etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.