{"title":"Nationwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in Pakistan: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111815","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes (pre-DM) are significant health concerns in Pakistan. This systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis estimate the prevalence of T2DM and pre-DM, assessing regional, gender, and urban–rural differences. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and PakMediNet databases, identifying 3478 articles. After screening, 17 studies from 1995 to 2018 were included. The pooled prevalence of T2DM and pre-DM in Pakistan was found to be 10.0 % and 11.0 %, respectively. This equates to approximately 24 million individuals with T2DM and 26 million with pre-DM, totaling 50 million affected. Rural areas showed higher T2DM prevalence post-2000, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.25 (95 % CI: 0.73 to 2.14). Gender analysis revealed a slightly higher, though statistically insignificant, prevalence of T2DM in females and a significantly higher prevalence of pre-DM in males (OR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.63 to 0.98). Regionally, Punjab had the highest T2DM prevalence (16 %), followed by Baluchistan (15 %), Sindh (14 %), and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) (11 %). There is a substantial burden of T2DM and pre-DM in Pakistan, with significant regional and gender differences. Targeted interventions and resource allocation are needed to address the rising prevalence of diabetes, focusing on early detection and lifestyle modifications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168822724007253","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes (pre-DM) are significant health concerns in Pakistan. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimate the prevalence of T2DM and pre-DM, assessing regional, gender, and urban–rural differences. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and PakMediNet databases, identifying 3478 articles. After screening, 17 studies from 1995 to 2018 were included. The pooled prevalence of T2DM and pre-DM in Pakistan was found to be 10.0 % and 11.0 %, respectively. This equates to approximately 24 million individuals with T2DM and 26 million with pre-DM, totaling 50 million affected. Rural areas showed higher T2DM prevalence post-2000, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.25 (95 % CI: 0.73 to 2.14). Gender analysis revealed a slightly higher, though statistically insignificant, prevalence of T2DM in females and a significantly higher prevalence of pre-DM in males (OR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.63 to 0.98). Regionally, Punjab had the highest T2DM prevalence (16 %), followed by Baluchistan (15 %), Sindh (14 %), and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) (11 %). There is a substantial burden of T2DM and pre-DM in Pakistan, with significant regional and gender differences. Targeted interventions and resource allocation are needed to address the rising prevalence of diabetes, focusing on early detection and lifestyle modifications.
期刊介绍:
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice is an international journal for health-care providers and clinically oriented researchers that publishes high-quality original research articles and expert reviews in diabetes and related areas. The role of the journal is to provide a venue for dissemination of knowledge and discussion of topics related to diabetes clinical research and patient care. Topics of focus include translational science, genetics, immunology, nutrition, psychosocial research, epidemiology, prevention, socio-economic research, complications, new treatments, technologies and therapy.