Protective and stress factors for psychological distress: a comparative analysis of LGB and non-LGB older adults.

IF 2.8 3区 医学 Q3 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
José Alberto Ribeiro-Gonçalves, Dora Pereira, Pedro Alexandre Costa, Isabel Leal
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Population ageing raises major public health and psychosocial challenges. Particularly, lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older people may face increased vulnerabilities and marginalization when compared to their non-LGB (heterosexual) counterparts, which may entail more risks for their mental health. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the levels of protective - social support, spirituality, and resilience and stress factors - loneliness and ageism - among LGB and non-LGB older adults, and their impact on psychological distress (PD).

Method: A sample of 647 people aged 60 years or older (M = 66.01; SD = 4.93) was collected, 368 non-LGB and 279 LGB. Participation was carried out through an online survey in Portugal.

Results: LGB older adults had lower scores on all protective factors, except on social support from friends, and higher levels on all stress factors, except on hostile ageism, compared to non-LGB older adults. Further, resilience and loneliness were the main predictors of PD regardless of the sexual orientation. Stress factors explained the levels of PD over and above the effects of protective factors, both among LGB and non-LGB older adults.

Conclusion: Psychological distress in aging presents different protective and stressful factors according to the sexual orientation of older adults. More comparative studies are suggested in the intersection between ageing and sexual orientation.

心理困扰的保护因素和压力因素:对男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者与非男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者老年人的比较分析。
目标:人口老龄化带来了重大的公共卫生和社会心理挑战。特别是,与非女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋者(异性恋)相比,女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋者(LGB)老年人可能面临更多的脆弱性和边缘化,这可能给他们的心理健康带来更多风险。本研究旨在比较评估 LGB 和非 LGB 老年人的保护性因素(社会支持、灵性和复原力)和压力因素(孤独和年龄歧视)的水平及其对心理困扰(PD)的影响:收集了年龄在 60 岁或以上的 647 人样本(M = 66.01;SD = 4.93),其中 368 人为非 LGB,279 人为 LGB。参与方式是在葡萄牙进行在线调查:与非女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者老年人相比,除来自朋友的社会支持外,女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者老年人在所有保护因素上的得分都较低,而除敌意年龄歧视外,在所有压力因素上的得分都较高。此外,无论性取向如何,复原力和孤独感是预测老年痴呆症的主要因素。无论是在男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者还是非男女同性恋、双性恋和变性者的老年人中,压力因素对老年痴呆症水平的解释都超过了保护因素的影响:结论:根据老年人的性取向,老龄化过程中的心理困扰呈现出不同的保护因素和压力因素。建议就老龄化与性取向之间的交叉问题开展更多的比较研究。
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来源期刊
Aging & Mental Health
Aging & Mental Health 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.90%
发文量
176
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Aging & Mental Health provides a leading international forum for the rapidly expanding field which investigates the relationship between the aging process and mental health. The journal addresses the mental changes associated with normal and abnormal or pathological aging, as well as the psychological and psychiatric problems of the aging population. The journal also has a strong commitment to interdisciplinary and innovative approaches that explore new topics and methods. Aging & Mental Health covers the biological, psychological and social aspects of aging as they relate to mental health. In particular it encourages an integrated approach for examining various biopsychosocial processes and etiological factors associated with psychological changes in the elderly. It also emphasizes the various strategies, therapies and services which may be directed at improving the mental health of the elderly and their families. In this way the journal promotes a strong alliance among the theoretical, experimental and applied sciences across a range of issues affecting mental health and aging. The emphasis of the journal is on rigorous quantitative, and qualitative, research and, high quality innovative studies on emerging topics.
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