Unraveling the nutrition and health situation of adults in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDA) and non-GIDA in the Philippines: A comparative study.
Charmaine A Duante, M Lynell V Maniego, Mary Bernadette M Velasquez, Romalyn L Tordecilla
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDA) are communities physically and socioeconomically separated from mainstream society (non-GIDA) and lack comprehensive nutrition and health assessments. Aim: This study aimed to assess the nutritional and health status and determine the factors associated with chronic energy deficiency (CED) and overweight/obesity among adults, 20-59 years old, residing in GIDA and non-GIDA. Methods: Data of the 20,381 adults collected in the Expanded National Nutrition Survey were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictors of CED and overweight/obesity. Results: Chronic energy deficiency and current smoking were significantly higher in GIDA, while overweight/obesity, alcohol consumption, elevated blood pressure, and insufficient physical activity were higher in non-GIDA (p < 0.001). Higher odds of CED was associated with food insecurity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.5, p < 0.001; AOR: 1.3, p < 0.001) and current smoking (AOR: 1.4, p = 0.001; AOR: 1.3, p < 0.001) in both GIDA and non-GIDA while poor wealth (AOR: 1.5, p < 0.001) only in non-GIDA. Higher odds of overweight/obesity was associated with higher age ≥30 years (AOR: 2.1, p < 0.001; AOR: 1.9, p < 0.001), being female (AOR: 1.7, p < 0.001; AOR: 1.3, p < 0.001), with grade level completed (AOR: 1.7, p = 0.004; AOR: 1.2, p = 0.038), urban residence (AOR: 1.2, p = 0.035; AOR: 1.3, p < 0.001), hypertension (AOR: 2.4, p < 0.001; AOR: 2.3, p < 0.001), and insufficient physical activity (AOR: 1.1, p = 0.020; AOR: 1.1, p = 0.027) in both GIDA and non-GIDA. Conclusions: Malnutrition affects GIDA in almost the same magnitude. The double burden of malnutrition and health inequity in GIDA underscores the greater need for comprehensive policies and stronger programs directed toward underserved areas.
背景：地理隔离和处境不利地区（GIDA）是在物理和社会经济上与主流社会（非 GIDA）相隔离的社区，缺乏全面的营养和健康评估。目的：本研究旨在评估居住在 GIDA 和非 GIDA 的 20-59 岁成年人的营养和健康状况，并确定与慢性能量缺乏 (CED) 和超重/肥胖相关的因素。研究方法对扩大的全国营养调查中收集的 20,381 名成年人的数据进行了分析。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定 CED 和超重/肥胖的预测因素。结果发现在 GIDA 中，慢性能量缺乏和目前吸烟的比例明显较高，而在非 GIDA 中，超重/肥胖、饮酒、血压升高和体力活动不足的比例较高（P P P P = 0.001；AOR：1.3，p p p p p = 0.004；AOR：1.2，p = 0.038），城市居民（AOR：1.2，p = 0.035；AOR：1.3，p p p = 0.020；AOR：1.1，p = 0.027）在 GIDA 和非 GIDA 中均较高。结论营养不良对 GIDA 的影响程度几乎相同。营养不良和健康不平等对全球儿童发展行动造成的双重负担突出表明，更有必要针对服务不足的地区制定全面的政策和更有力的计划。
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